{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T18:14:11Z","timestamp":1779300851548,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Basic Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The capacity to form biofilms is a common trait among many microorganisms present on Earth. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the fatal pine pitch canker agent,\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium circinatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , can lead a biofilm\u2010like lifestyle with aggregated hyphal bundles wrapped in extracellular matrix (ECM). Our research shows\n                    <jats:italic>F. circinatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    's ability to adapt to environmental changes by assuming a biofilm\u2010like lifestyle. This was demonstrated by varying metabolic activities exhibited by the biofilms in response to factors like temperature and pH. Further analysis revealed that while planktonic cells produced small amounts of ECM per unit of the biomass, heat\u2010 and azole\u2010exposed biofilms produced significantly more ECM than nonexposed biofilms, further demonstrating the adaptability of\n                    <jats:italic>F. circinatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    to changing environments. The increased synthesis of ECM triggered by these abiotic factors highlights the link between ECM production in biofilm and resistance to abiotic stress. This suggests that ECM\u2010mediated response may be one of the key survival strategies of\n                    <jats:italic>F. circinatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilms in response to changing environments. Interestingly, azole exposure also led to biofilms that were resistant to DNase, which typically uncouples biofilms by penetrating the biofilm and degrading its extracellular DNA; we propose that DNases were likely hindered from reaching target cells by the ECM barricade. The interplay between antifungal treatment and DNase enzyme suggests a complex relationship between eDNA, ECM, and antifungal agents in\n                    <jats:italic>F. circinatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    biofilms. Therefore, our results show how a phytopathogen's sessile (biofilm) lifestyle could influence its response to the surrounding environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202300536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T02:12:01Z","timestamp":1707271921000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of the\n                    <i>Fusarium circinatum<\/i>\n                    biofilm environmental response role"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Francinah M.","family":"Ratsoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Genetics, and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI) University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nthabiseng 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