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In our current investigation, we assessed the efficacy of these two steroidal alkaloids, veratramine and hupehenine, in combating the parasite. Contrary to expectations, our study did not detect the typical signs of apoptosis such as mitochondrial membrane potential loss and phosphatidylserine externalization. Instead, we observed a notable increase in acidic organelle formation, suggesting a pro\u2010survival response in promastigotes. Through diverse flow cytometric analyses and imaging methods, we conclude that the parasitic death induced by these natural compounds does not follow the apoptosis pathway but likely involves autophagy. This discovery marks the first instance of autophagy\u2010mediated cell death in <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic> triggered by veratramine and hupehenine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202400655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T05:34:33Z","timestamp":1732772073000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Death in <i>Leishmania donovani<\/i> Induced by Selected Steroidal Alkaloids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Naveena","family":"Menpadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranjal","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3870-2660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vikash Kumar","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1572-5995(02)80019-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123441"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2013.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2010.08.009"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"397","article-title":"Quinine Toxicity When Given With Doxycycline and Mefloquine","volume":"25","author":"Karbwang J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JRS-2008-0440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2018.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27165349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-008-0130-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3499"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01146-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1985.248.1.E1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2005.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0320"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15040446"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15030331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00186-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. 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