{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T11:42:32Z","timestamp":1697888552419},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]],"date-time":"2007-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1168387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7314,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Basic Microbiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sporocidal activity of 1% solutions of five local anaesthetics and five preservatives (cetrimide, chlorocresol, chlorhexidine, phenoxyethanol and phenylmercuric nitrate) at their pharmacopeial concentrations, alone and in binary combinations was determined against <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Aspergillus niger<\/jats:italic> spores at different temperature levels by the surface viable count technique. The sporicidal activity of all tested systems were temperature dependent. <jats:italic>A. niger<\/jats:italic> spores were much more sensitive to the tested systems than <jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic> spores. The temperature at which 99% of all spores were killed after 30 min exposure time of the anaesthetics were calculated. In case of the local anaesthetics alone against spores of <jats:italic>A. niger<\/jats:italic> the recorded temperatures were 30 \u00b0C for amethocaine, 45 \u00b0C for both amylocaine and cincochaine, 48 \u00b0C and 50 \u00b0C for lignocaine and procaine, respectively, in contrast to 58 \u00b0C in a control with saline solution. Much higher temperatures were calculated against <jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic> spores. Cincochaine was the most effective local anaesthetic with a recorded temperature of 60 \u00b0C, where 99% killed occurred. Amylocaine and amethocaine showed temperatures of 84 \u00b0C and 90 \u00b0C, respectively. Procaine, lignocaine as well saline solution as a control caused a 99% killing effect at temperatures higher than 100 \u00b0C.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Among the 25 tested binary combinations of local anaesthetics and preservatives, the highest incidence of potentiation of the sporocidal activity was recorded with chlorocresol combinations, while other combinations of the four remaining preservatives showed different types of interactions at different percentages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.3620270802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,5]],"date-time":"2007-02-05T19:06:29Z","timestamp":1170702389000},"page":"403-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sporocidal activity of local anaesthetics and their binary combinations with preservatives"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"A. A.","family":"Abdelaziz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"El\u2010Nakeeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Biocidal activity of five local anaesthetics","volume":"10","author":"Abdelaziz A. A.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ass. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"507","article-title":"Evaluation of disinfectant inactivitors","volume":"80","author":"Bergan T.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Acta Pathol. Microbiol. 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