{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:24:12Z","timestamp":1791973452988,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]],"date-time":"2005-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1108684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4492,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnesium is known to have an essential role in determining the properties of bone, but the way in which Mg exerts its actions remains unclear. Although long\u2010term Mg deficiency is known to produce osteopenia, the effects of short\u2010term Mg deficiency have not been established. To test the hypothesis that Mg deficiency results in an altered pattern of initial mineralization and concomitant altered bone properties, the radiographic, histologic, chemical, and mechanical properties of the bones of rats given a Mg\u2010deficient diet were compared to those of rats pair\u2010fed the same diet supplemented with Mg. Short\u2010term Mg\u2010deficiency in the diet of growing rats produced a significant decrease in both the trabecular bone volume and the mineral content of the newly formed metaphysis, a significant increase in the Ca:P ratio, and a slight, but significant increase in hydroxyapatite crystallite size and\/or perfection in the metaphysis. Comparable, but not significant, trends were found in the diaphyses. Metaphyseal bone osteocalcin levels were reduced in the Mg\u2010deficient rats and lipid was more easily extracted from their bones. No detectable alterations in radiographic microstructure were noted. Mechanically, a significant decrease in the maximum three\u2010point bend strength of the femurs of Mg\u2010deficient rats was observed. These data support the hypothesis that short\u2010term Mg deficiency affects the pattern of bone mineral formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100100605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T12:18:05Z","timestamp":1109247485000},"page":"774-783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Effect of short\u2010term hypomagnesemia on the chemical and mechanical properties of rat bone"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Adele L.","family":"Boskey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare M.","family":"Rimnac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjula","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micheline","family":"Federman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara D.","family":"Boyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"423","volume-title":"Disorders of Mineral Metabolism: Pathophysiology of Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium","author":"Anast CS","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Bone and Mineral Research","author":"Anderson HC","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02058677"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Bone Histomorphometry: Techniques and Interpretation","author":"Baron R","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345650440063401"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Cell Mediated Calcification and Matrix Vesicles","author":"Boskey AL","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"Lipid changes in the bones of the healing vitamin D deficient, phosphate deficient rat","volume":"6","author":"Boskey AL","year":"1985","journal-title":"Metab Bone Dis Rel Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5408(74)90169-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02408533"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(86)90208-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"12S","volume-title":"Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues","author":"Boyan B","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"295","article-title":"Effect of magnesium deficiency on the mechanical behavior of rat bone","volume":"11","author":"Boyan BD","year":"1986","journal-title":"Trans 32nd Annual ORS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092240210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02441218"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"f302","article-title":"Effects of dietary alteration of bicarbonate and magnesium on rat bone","volume":"250","author":"Burnell JM","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-139-36149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","unstructured":"CarpenterTO MackowiakSJ TroianoN GundbergCM:Effects of brief magnesium deprivation on osteocalcin and osteocalcin message in the rat: relationship to abnormal development of the growing skeleton. Am J Physiol in press"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198405103101904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02008092"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Elements of X\u2010Ray Diffraction","author":"Cullity BD","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0340097","article-title":"The effect of acute magnesium deficiency on bone formation in rats","volume":"39","author":"Duckworth J","year":"1940","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","first-page":"516","volume-title":"Methods of Enzymology","author":"Gundberg CM","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092240208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(81)90082-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345750540011801"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","first-page":"294","article-title":"Observation on magnesium deficiency in the Rat","volume":"11","author":"Ko KW","year":"1962","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76290-X","article-title":"Studies on magnesium deficiency in animals. I. Symptomatology resulting from magnesium deprivation","volume":"96","author":"Kruse HD","year":"1933","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557040-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19760103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.17.040177.000435"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(90)90317-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-81-19881"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","first-page":"16","article-title":"Effects of calcium and magnesium deficiencie on rat skeletal development and parathyroid gland area","volume":"1","author":"Mirra JM","year":"1982","journal-title":"Magnesium"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02062601"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(74)90143-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)75433-1","article-title":"Studies on magnesium deficiency in animals","volume":"106","author":"Orent ER","year":"1934","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/13.1.40","article-title":"Determination of copper and zinc in biological material","volume":"13","author":"Parker MM","year":"1967","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19780120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-47-4-800"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la00061a019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67271-2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02017529"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.08.070188.002241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108582"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19630062"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1989.257.2.C270"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of magnesium on skeletal metabolism","volume":"9","author":"Wallach S","year":"1990","journal-title":"Magnesium"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0311379"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","first-page":"28","article-title":"The effect of hypermagnesemia on serum levels of osteocalcin in an animal model","volume":"9","author":"Wians FH","year":"1990","journal-title":"Magnesium"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0371-1951(60)80089-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0371-1951(60)80090-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)47706-8","article-title":"Inhibitors of crystal growth of hydroxyapatite: a constant composition approach","volume":"134","author":"Wilson JW","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02012777"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03008208909114117"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjor.1100100605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.1100100605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T14:29:23Z","timestamp":1698157763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jor.1100100605"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jor.1100100605"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.1100100605","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-0266","1554-527X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-0266","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-527X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1992-03-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1992-05-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}