{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T21:51:53Z","timestamp":1775857913377,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]],"date-time":"2005-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1108684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2970,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term clinical results and short\u2010term arthroscopic and microscopic findings from two agumented roconstruction procedures for the reptured anterior cruciate ligament are reported. The braided polypropylene ligament augmentation device (Kennedy model) was used with temporary double\u2010end fixation in 279 patients to augment the attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament after acute proximal rupture and in 315 patients to augment a bone\u2010tendon\u2010bone autograft, mainly after chronic instability. Check arthroscopy was performed and the metal fixation hardware was removed after a mean of 11 months. Of the 569 patients evaluated, 101 partial or total breakages of the ligament augmentation device were found. Together with nine breakages detected late in the follow\u2010up period, 110 (19.3%) failures were found. Most of these failures were accompanied by effusion that was immediately alleviated when the failed device was removed. No generalized synovitis was visible. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of 24 retrieved failed ligament augmentation devices showed fatigue to be the principal failure mode, together with local abrasion at the fracture. synovial biopsies were taken during arthroscopy in 84 patients with and without ligament augmentation device\u2010failure who had given informed consent, and histological evaluation revealed that in 21 patients, chronic but no acute synovial inflammation was found, and wear particles could be identified in foreign body cells in 17. Statistically, the presence of chronic synovitis was predicted neither by wear particles and foreign body cells nor by abrasion or fatigue failure of the ligament augmentation device. Irrespective of the failures, for which ligament augmentation device removal is recommended, in the final Orthopaedische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Knie evaluation (after a mean of 6.2 year). excellent and good clinical results were found in 83.6% of all 594 patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100150102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T11:07:08Z","timestamp":1109243228000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Braided polypropylene augmentation device in reconstructive surgery of the anterior cruciate ligament: Long\u2010term clinical performance of 594 patients and short\u2010term arthroscopic results, failure analysis by scanning electron microscopy, and synovial histomorphology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"R. K.","family":"Kdolsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. 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