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Loose bodies in primary synovial osteochondromatosis were nodular, showing plump chondrocytes and irregular calcification, and all contained proliferative cell nuclear antigen\u2010positive chondrocytes (labeling index: 42.5%; range: 36.0\u201352.0%). Other markers stained less frequently. Loose bodies in secondary synovial osteochondromatosis showed uniform chondrocytes and annular calcification surrounding core tissue. Eighteen of 37 loose bodies showed proliferative cell nuclear antigen\u2010positive chondrocytes, mostly peripherally. Chondrocyte labeling indices were less than 5% for proliferative cell nuclear antigen and other markers, although some connective tissue cells in the outer layer were stained. Loose bodies from osteochondral fractures were composed of articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and connective tissue; cartilage was negative for markers, whereas connective tissue contained positive cells. One specimen showed cartilaginous metaplasia of connective tissue. These results suggest that loose bodies have the potential for slow growth by proliferation of chondrocytes in primary synovial osteochondromatosis and by metaplasia following proliferation of surrounding connective tissue in secondary synovial osteochondromatosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T11:20:44Z","timestamp":1109244044000},"page":"73-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Growth potential of loose bodies: An immunohistochemical examination of primary and secondary synovial osteochondromatosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Koichi","family":"Saotome","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Tamai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasumori","family":"Koguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroya","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takehiko","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711660310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.40.8.874"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(95)90250-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711680404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"The 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