{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T19:10:08Z","timestamp":1734981008821,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]],"date-time":"2005-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1108684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1631,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single, blunt impact to the rabbit patellofemoral joint has been shown to decrease the stiffness of retropatellar cartilage and increase the thickness of the underlying bone. Polysulphated glycosaminoglycan treatments, on the other hand, have been shown to inhibit the degradation of articular cartilage and possibly increase synthesis of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in experimental studies on diseased joints. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of early treatments with polysulphated glycosaminoglycans on cartilage using an<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>post\u2010trauma animal model. The study used 24 Flemish Giant rabbits in three groups: control, impacted, and impacted with treatment. Treatment consisted of intramuscular injections the day of insult and every 4 days thereafter for 6 weeks. At 30 weeks after trauma, mechanical tests were performed on the retropatellar cartilage to determine its mechanical stiffness. The patellae were also grossly evaluated for surface lesions on the retropatellar cartilage and histologically processed to measure the thickness of the subchondral bone. The rabbits that received no treatment had a statistically significant decrease in stiffness (modulus) for the cartilage of the impacted patellae compared with that of the contralateral, unimpacted patellae and compared with the cartilage of rabbits in the control group. The degradation in mechanical stiffness, however, was not observed in patellae of rabbits in the group receiving treatment. There was also a significant increase in the underlying thickness of the subchondral plate on the impacted patellae compared with that on the contralateral, unimpacted sides for rabbits in both the treated and nontreated groups. In conclusion, the polysulphated glycosaminoglycan treatments minimized a decrease in mechanical stiffness (modulus) of retropatellar articular cartilage 30 weeks after trauma. The mechanism by which the mechanical stiffness of the cartilage was preserved is unknown.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100180512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T14:42:07Z","timestamp":1109256127000},"page":"756-761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Polysulphated glycosaminoglycan treatments can mitigate decreases in stiffness of articular cartilage in a traumatized animal joint"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"B. J.","family":"Ewers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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The effect of glycosaminoglycan polysulfate ester (Arteparon) on proteoglycan aggregation and loss from articular cartilage of immobilized rabbit knee joints","volume":"34","author":"Golding J","year":"1983","journal-title":"Curr Ther Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100050108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(72)90010-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198612000-00009","article-title":"Articular cartilage breakdown in a lapine model of osteoarthritis: action of glycosaminoglycan polysulfate ester (GAGPS) on proteoglycan degrading enzyme activity, hexuronate, and cell counts","volume":"213","author":"Howell DS","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1243\/EMED_JOUR_1988_017_042_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(71)90049-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1988.tb04645.x","article-title":"The effect of drugs used in the treatment of osteoarthritis on stromelysin (proteoglycanase) of equine synovial cell origin","volume":"6","author":"May SA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Equine Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"77S","article-title":"\u00c9tude de la diacetylrheine sur un mod\u00e8le post\u2010contusif d'arthrose exp\u00e9rimentale chez le lapin","volume":"60","author":"Mazi\u00e8res L","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rev Rhum [Ed Fr]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3233\/BIR-1986-23402","article-title":"The \u201cinstantaneous\u201d deformation of cartilage: effects of collagen fiber orientation and osmotic stress","volume":"23","author":"Mizrahi J","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100150319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100160311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"77","article-title":"A method for promoting regular rabbit exercise in orthopaedics research","volume":"37","author":"Oyen\u2010Tiesma M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100020303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"224","article-title":"Effects of intramuscular polysulfated glycosaminoglycan on chemical and physical defects in equine articular cartilage","volume":"53","author":"Trotter GW","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjor.1100180512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.1100180512","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T18:44:58Z","timestamp":1734979498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jor.1100180512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jor.1100180512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.1100180512","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-0266","1554-527X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0736-0266"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1554-527X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-10-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-01-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}