{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:15:19Z","timestamp":1791267319594,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]],"date-time":"2005-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1108684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1570,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The formation of ectopic bone within skeletal muscle is a widely observed phenomenon. However, the source of the osteoprogenitor cells responsible for ectopic bone formation remains unknown. This study was designed to test for osteogenic differentiation among cells isolated from skeletal muscle tissue. Different subpopulations of cells derived from an adult mouse skeletal muscle were tested for induction of alkaline phosphatase activity after exposure to bone morphogenetic protein\u20102 <jats:italic>in vitro.<\/jats:italic> A responsive subpopulation was identified, transduced with a retrovirus encoding for \u03b2\u2010galactosidase (Rv\u2010lacZ) and an adenoviral construct encoding for one bone morphogenetic protein\u20102, and injected into the hindlimb of immune compromised (severe combined immunodeficient, or SCID) mice. The injected cells appeared to actively participate in the ectopic bone formation. The existence of lacZ\u2010positive muscle\u2010derived cells colocalized with osteocalcin\u2010producing cells within lacunae of newly formed bone matrix suggests osteoblast and osteocyte differentiation. Although a specific cell was not isolated, these data support the contentions that osteoprogenitor cells reside within skeletal muscle and that muscle may represent a source other than bone marrow for the harvest of these cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100180613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,24]],"date-time":"2005-02-24T14:48:01Z","timestamp":1109256481000},"page":"933-944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":217,"title":["Osteoprogenitor cells within skeletal muscle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Bosch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas S.","family":"Musgrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Yung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Cummins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franklin","family":"Shuler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Ghivizzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Robbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnny","family":"Huard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100140412"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110416"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00075-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041400102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880150104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199204000-00033","article-title":"Epithelial cell lines that induce bone formation in vivo produce alkaline phosphatase\u2010enriched matrix vesicles in culture","volume":"277","author":"Boyan BD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199205000-00042","article-title":"Initial effects of partially purified bone morphogenetic protein on the expression of glycosaminoglycan, collagen, and alkaline phosphatase in nonunion cell cultures","volume":"278","author":"Boyan BD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199202000-00043"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(90)90388-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199810001-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"235","article-title":"Transfilter bone induction","volume":"54","author":"B\u00fcring K","year":"1967","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)62444-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100090504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Injectable bone marrow preparations to stimulate osteogenic repair","volume":"313","author":"Connolly JF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199810001-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199607)19:7<853::AID-MUS7>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5356.1528"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.19.8377"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Bone marrow osteogenic stem cells: in vitro cultivation and transplantation in diffusion chambers","volume":"20","author":"Friedenstein AJ","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-196807000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02152375"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197108000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"4427","article-title":"Immunolocalization and messenger RNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein\u20106 in human benign and malignant prostatic tissue","volume":"57","author":"Hamdy FC","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.3.1842-1849.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(92)90364-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199102000-00012","article-title":"Induced bone development in transplants of fresh human pseudomalignant heterotopic ossification tissue in athymic nude mice","volume":"263","author":"Hirano H","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-196807000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(98)00218-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.127.6.1755"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470140065025","article-title":"Tissue transformation into bone in vivo: a potential practical application","volume":"266","author":"Khouri RK","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199607000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640050148"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100160309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.60B2.350882","article-title":"The biology of fracture healing in long bones","volume":"60","author":"McKibbin B","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [Br]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2153(08)60382-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(80)90338-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.68B4.3733844","article-title":"Bone repair induced by bone morphogenetic protein in ulnar defects in dogs","volume":"68","author":"Nilsson OS","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [Br]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Animal models of heterotopic ossification","volume":"346","author":"O'Connor JP","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780231002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.11.4857"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(96)00240-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.142.5.1257"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00296343"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.125.6.1275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.6.2212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins, bone marrow stromal cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Maureen Owen revisited","volume":"313","author":"Reddi AH","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199810001-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199801000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.12.7599"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","first-page":"81","article-title":"Pericyte differentiation","volume":"313","author":"Schor AM","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199608223350804"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.45B2.402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3698.893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-196807000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_2","first-page":"194","article-title":"Basic sciences and pathology: osteogenetic competence","volume":"64","author":"Urist MR","year":"1969","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.167.3919.896"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6403986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880181212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.6.2220"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100160103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100140115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02010744"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199003000-00039","article-title":"Properties and origin of osteoblasts","volume":"252","author":"Wlodarski KH","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3201241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199801000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.113.3.681"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199601)30:1<1::AID-JBM1>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199810001-00009"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjor.1100180613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.1100180613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T18:16:52Z","timestamp":1698603412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jor.1100180613"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jor.1100180613"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.1100180613","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-0266","1554-527X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-0266","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-527X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-03-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-01-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}