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The purpose of the present study was therefore to investigate if nutrient supplementation during 12 weeks of conservative rehabilitation strength training could enhance hypertrophy and strength of the quadriceps muscle in ACL\u2010injured patients. Twenty\u2010six ACL\u2010injured men and women were included and randomly distributed into three supplementation groups: Protein\u2009+\u2009Carbohydrate (PC), Isocaloric\u2013Carbohydrate (IC), or Placebo (PL), ingesting the supplementation immediately after each of 36 training sessions. Determined from images of thigh cross\u2010sections (magnetic resonance imaging) the hypertrophy of the quadriceps muscle differed significantly between groups at the distal part, with the PC group demonstrating the largest hypertrophy. Peak torque of the quadriceps muscle at constant velocity 60\u00b0\u2009\u00b7\u2009s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> was significantly elevated in the PC group only, and the time to reach peak torque tended to decrease as well only in the PC group. The results from this study demonstrate that restoration of the distal vasti muscle mass and knee extension muscle strength with resistance training is promoted further by protein\u2010containing nutrient supplementation immediately after single exercise sessions. Thus, exercise\u2010related protein supplementation may seem important for surgery\u2010related rehabilitation of skeletal muscle. \u00a9 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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