{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:35:41Z","timestamp":1790840141458,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,22]],"date-time":"2006-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1150934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Limitations in the use of autologous bone graft, which is the gold standard therapy in bone defect healing, drive the search for alternative treatments. In this study the influence of rhTGF\u03b2\u20103 on mechanical and radiological parameters of a healing bone defect in the sheep tibia was assessed. In the sheep, an 18\u2010mm long osteoperiosteal defect in the tibia was treated by rhTGF\u03b2\u20103 seeded on a poly(L\/DL\u2010lactide) carrier (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094). In a second group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094), the defect was treated by the carrier only, in a third group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094) by autologous cancellous bone graft, and in a fourth group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092) the defect remained blank. The healing process of the defect was assessed by weekly in vivo stiffness measurements and radiology as well as by quantitative computed tomographic assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) every 4 weeks. The duration of the experiment was 12 weeks under loading conditions. In the bone graft group, a marginally significant higher increase in stiffness was observed than in the PLA\/rhTGF\u03b2\u20103 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.06) and a significantly higher increase than in the PLA\u2010only group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). The radiographic as well as the computed tomographic evaluation yielded significant differences between the groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), indicating the bone graft treatment (bone\/per area, 83%; BMD, 0.57 g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) performing better than the PLA\/rhTGF\u03b2\u20103 (38%; 0.23 g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) and the PLA\u2010only treatment (2.5%; 0.09 g\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>), respectively. Regarding the mechanical and radiological parameters assessed in this study, we conclude that rhTGF\u03b2\u20103 has a promoting effect on bone regeneration. However, under the conditions of this study, this effect does not reach the potential of autologous cancellous bone graft transplantation. \u00a9 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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