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We show here that FS human chondrosarcoma (FS) cells express MAGE\u2010A3 gene and HLA\u2010A1 molecules. In vitro assays show that a cytolytic T\u2010lymphocyte clone (CTL) specific for a MAGE\u2010A3 peptide presented by HLA\u2010A1 specifically lysed FS chondrosarcoma cells. Addition of antigenic peptide did not increase the susceptibility of FS cells to CTL mediated lysis, suggesting that HLA\u2010A1 expression by the chondrosarcoma cells limited their susceptibility to lysis by the anti\u2010MAGE\u2010A3 CTL clone. Incubation of FS cells with 50 U\/mL interferon\u2010\u03b3 increased surface expression of HLA class\u2010I molecules, increased their susceptibility to lysis, and had no effect on MAGE\u2010A3 gene expression. These results suggest that immunotherapy targeted against chondrosarcoma cells is possible. \u00a9 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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