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Four weeks after inoculum, the animals were submitted to debridement of infected femur canal, divided into four groups of five animals each and treated according to the following protocols: Group 1, insertion of a steel AISI316 intramedullary nail; Group 2, insertion of a gentamicin\u2013vancomycin\u2010impregnated PMMA nail; Group 3, no therapy; and Group 4 no fixation device and 1\u2010week systemic antibiotic therapy with teicoplanin i.m. At 7 weeks after inoculum, the femurs were explanted sterilely. The radiological score showed that the lowest and best radiological score was observed in Group 2 that was significantly different from the other groups. The highest bacterial load in the femoral canal was found in Group 1, which was significantly different from Group 2 and Group 4 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Histology showed that Group 2 produced a marked improvement (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.005) of the bone injuries induced by the osteomyelitis in comparison with the other groups (Smeltzer score). The current findings showed that tested device might effectively lead to MRSA infection healing after surgical debridement and immediate implantation. \u00a9 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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