{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:00:08Z","timestamp":1792015208987,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,22]],"date-time":"2010-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1271894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteolysis of bone following total hip replacement is a major clinical problem. Examination of the areas surrounding failed implants has indicated an increase in the bone\u2010resorption\u2010inducing cytokine, interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2). NALP3, a NOD\u2010like receptor protein located in the cytosol of macrophages, signals the cleavage of pro\u2010IL\u20101\u03b2 into its mature, secreted form, IL\u20101\u03b2. Here we showed that titanium particles stimulate the NALP3 inflammasome. We demonstrated that titanium induces IL\u20101\u03b2 secretion from macrophages. This response depended on the expression of components of the NALP3 inflammasome, including NALP3, ASC, and Caspase\u20101. We also showed that titanium particles trigger the recruitment of neutrophils and that this acute inflammatory response depends on the expression of the IL\u20101 receptor and IL\u20101\u03b1\/\u03b2. Moreover, administration of the IL\u20101 receptor antagonist (IL\u20101Ra) diminished neutrophil recruitment in response to titanium particles. Together, these results suggest that titanium particle\u2010induced acute inflammation is due to activation of the NALP3 inflammasome, which leads to increased IL\u20101\u03b2 secretion and IL\u20101\u2010associated signaling, including neutrophil recruitment. Efficacy of IL\u20101Ra treatment introduces the potential for antagonist\u2010based therapies for implant osteolysis. \u00a9 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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