{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T06:06:48Z","timestamp":1791094008356,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine if a distinctive characteristic exists in the pattern of movement (scapular elevation and upward rotation to reduce impingement) and associated muscular activities during arm elevation in subjects with shoulder impingement (SI) that is associated with the severity of the disease. Fourteen subjects (7 amateur athletes and 7 student athletes) with SI and 7 controls performed arm elevation in the scapular plane. Scapular kinematics (upward rotation, elevation, tipping, and scapulohumeral rhythm) and muscular activity [upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), and deltoid] were measured by an electromagnetic motion tracking system and surface electromyography, respectively. Subjects with SI had greater elevation of the scapula (11.9\u2009mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.005) and less peak scapular posterior tipping (10.6\u00b0, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.02) than controls. In more severe subjects (amateur athletes), the elevation and posterior tipping of the scapula were correlated with an increase in the UT (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.818, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025) and a decrease in SA (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.772, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.040) activity, respectively. Our results identified a characteristic compensatory scapular elevation to reduce impingement during arm elevation in subjects with SI. Assessing scapular elevation during arm elevation may be a useful functional marker for evaluating impingement status and associated muscle function. Additionally, SA and LT muscle strengthening may improve SI. \u00a9 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:653\u2013657, 2011<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T19:40:51Z","timestamp":1293133251000},"page":"653-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Adaptive patterns of movement during arm elevation test in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jiu\u2010jenq","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Chang","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Cheng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"70","article-title":"Impingement lesions","volume":"173","author":"Neer CS","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03480190080037","article-title":"The rational clinical examination. A primer on the precision and accuracy of the clinical examination","volume":"267","author":"Sackett DL.","year":"1992","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(03)00047-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2005.35.2.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.3.276"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1999.29.10.574"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.11.1128","article-title":"Scapular muscle tests in subjects with shoulder pain and functional loss: reliability and construct validity","volume":"85","author":"Michener LA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2009.0303"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2009.2808"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/84.9.832","article-title":"Shoulder function and 3\u2010dimensional kinematics in people with shoulder impingement syndrome before and after a 6\u2010week exercise program","volume":"84","author":"McClure PW","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200307000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2005.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2004.04.0045"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(00)00044-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","volume-title":"Anatomical guide for the electromyographer\u2014the limbs and trunk","author":"Perotto AO.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","volume-title":"Daniels and Worthingham's. Muscle testing: techniques of manual examination","author":"Hislop H","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1351892"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.05.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(98)00106-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199212000-00024","article-title":"Scapulothoracic motion in normal shoulders and shoulders with glenohumeral instability and impingement syndrome. A study using Moire topographic analysis","volume":"285","author":"Warner JJ","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2006.2146"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/86.8.1075","article-title":"Shoulder function and 3\u2010dimensional scapular kinematics in people with and without shoulder impingement syndrome","volume":"86","author":"McClure PW","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/76.3.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200609"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","first-page":"238","article-title":"A biomechanical analysis of scapular rotation during arm abduction in the scapular plane","volume":"67","author":"Bagg SD","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjor.21300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjor.21300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.21300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T16:54:19Z","timestamp":1696870459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jor.21300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jor.21300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.21300","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-0266","1554-527X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-0266","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-527X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-08-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-10-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-12-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}