{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T14:05:56Z","timestamp":1771855556612,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]],"date-time":"2011-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the median nerve deformation in the carpal tunnel in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and controls during thumb, index finger, middle finger, and a four finger motion, using ultrasound. Both wrists of 29 asymptomatic volunteers and 29 patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were evaluated by ultrasound. Cross\u2010sectional images during motion from full extension to flexion were recorded. Median nerve cross\u2010sectional area, perimeter, aspect ratio of the minimal enclosing rectangle, and circularity in extension and flexion positions were calculated. Additionally, a deformation index was calculated. We also calculated the intra\u2010rater reliability. In both controls and patients, the median nerve cross\u2010sectional area became significantly smaller from extension to flexion in all finger motions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In flexion and extension, regardless of the specific finger motion, the median nerve deformation, circularity and the change in perimeter were all significantly greater in CTS patients than in controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). We found excellent intra\u2010rater reliability for all measurements (ICC\u2009&gt;\u20090.84). With this study we have shown that it is possible to assess the deformation of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome with ultrasonography and that there is more deformation of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome patients during active finger motion. These parameters might be useful in the evaluation of kinematics within the carpal tunnel, and in furthering our understanding of the biomechanics of carpal tunnel syndrome in the future. \u00a9 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. \u00a9 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:643\u2013648, 2012<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,28]],"date-time":"2011-09-28T02:38:06Z","timestamp":1317177486000},"page":"643-648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Median nerve deformation in differential finger motions: Ultrasonographic comparison of carpal tunnel syndrome patients and healthy controls"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Margriet H. M.","family":"van Doesburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Yoshii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aebele B. 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