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Injections of corticosteroids are recommended for management of osteoarthritis (OA). Current data have shown the role of corticosteroids in ameliorating pain. We hypothesized that repeated intra\u2010articular injections of high dose dexamethasone would protect the cartilage from damage in a post\u2010traumatic model of OA. Eighteen female New Zealand White rabbits were used. Twelve underwent surgery to induce OA; six of them received intra\u2010articular injections of dexamethasone every 3 days for 3 weeks. The other six rabbits served as operated controls. Six additional rabbits served as non\u2010operated controls. All animals were euthanized 3 weeks post\u2010surgery. Knees were assessed grossly. Cartilage, synovium, and fat pad were assessed histologically. Synovium and fat pad were analyzed with qPCR and Western blots. Surgical controls had cartilage damage which was supressed with dexamethasone. Dexamethasone significantly decreased synovial expression of interleukin\u20101\u03b2 and collagen I, and a trend to decrease synovial matrix metalloproteinase3 expression. There were also significantly lower levels of interleukin\u20101\u03b2 protein with dexamethasone treatment. Dexamethasone significantly decreased fat pad expression of matrix metalloproteinase13, basic fibroblast growth factor, and interleukin8, and a trend to decrease matrix metalloproteinase3 and transforming growth factor\u03b2 expression. Dexamethasone decreased joint inflammation and joint tissue degradation and was chondroprotective in this unique model of PTOA. \u00a9 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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Calgary Alberta T2N 4N1 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel G.","family":"Shrive","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Faculty of Medicine University of Calgary 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. Calgary Alberta T2N 4N1 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary 2500 University Drive N.W. Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril B.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Faculty of Medicine University of Calgary 3330 Hospital Drive N.W. Calgary Alberta T2N 4N1 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Alberta Health Services, Foothills Medical Centre North Tower 10th Floor, 1403\u201029th Street N.W. 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