{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:55:05Z","timestamp":1790855705227,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ResOrtho Foundation and internal financing of the Balgrist University Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>Shoulders with supraspinatus (SSP) tears are associated with significantly larger critical shoulder angles (CSA) compared to disease\u2010free shoulders. We hypothesized that larger CSAs increase the ratio of joint shear to joint compression forces (defined as \u201cinstability ratio\u201d), requiring substantially increased compensatory supraspinatus loads. A shoulder simulator with simulated deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus\/teres minor, and subscapularis musculotendinous units was constructed. The model was configured to represent either a normal CSA of 33\u00b0 or a CSA characteristic of shoulders with rotator cuff tears (38\u00b0), and the components of the joint forces were measured. The instability ratio increased for the 38\u00b0 CSA compared with the control CSA (33\u00b0) for a range of motion between 6\u00b0 to 61\u00b0 of thoracohumeral abduction with the largest differences in instability observed between 33\u00b0 and 37\u00b0 of elevation. In this range, SSP force had to be increased by 13\u201333% (15\u201323\u2009N) to stabilize the arm in space. Our results support the concept that a high CSA can induce SSP overload particularly at low degrees of active abduction. \u00a9 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:952\u2013957, 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T05:19:03Z","timestamp":1396588743000},"page":"952-957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":216,"title":["Supraspinatus tendon load during abduction is dependent on the size of the critical shoulder angle: A biomechanical analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Gerber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Balgrist University Hospital Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess G.","family":"Snedeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Balgrist University Hospital Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems Organization Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW Winterthur Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnd F.","family":"Vieh\u00f6fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Balgrist University Hospital Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199005000-00011","article-title":"Pathology and pathogenesis of bursal\u2010side rotator cuff tears viewed from en bloc histologic sections","volume":"254","author":"Fukuda H","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000092974.12414.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2895"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(03)00116-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200302000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.95B7.31028"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200608000-00031","article-title":"Association of a large lateral extension of the acromion with rotator cuff tears\u2014R.W. 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