{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:47:45Z","timestamp":1790696865574,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["AR057393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR057393"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R24HD050837"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24HD050837"]}]},{"name":"Imaging Core facility of NIH","award":["P30AR061303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AR061303"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Muscle contractures that occur after upper motor neuron lesion are often surgically released or lengthened. However, surgical manipulation of muscle length changes a muscle's sarcomere length (\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), which can affect force production. To predict effects of surgery, both macro\u2010 (fascicle length (\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>\n                      )) and micro\u2010 (\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) level structural measurements are needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify both\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>\n                      in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) as well as typically developing (TD) children. Soleus ultrasound images were obtained from children with CP and TD children.\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>\n                      was determined and, with the joint in the same position, CP biopsies were obtained and formalin fixed, and\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      was measured by laser diffraction. Since soleus\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were not measurable in TD children, TD\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were obtained using three independent methods. While average\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>\n                      did not differ between groups (CP\u2009=\u20093.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2\u2009cm, TD\u2009=\u20093.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9\u2009cm;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.6),\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      was dramatically longer in children with CP (4.07\u2009\u00b1\u20090.45\u2009\u00b5m vs. TD\u2009=\u20092.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.24\u2009\u00b5m;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). While\n                      <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>f<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were similar between children with CP and TD children, this was due to highly stretched sarcomeres within the soleus muscle. Surgical manipulation of muscle\u2010tendon unit length will thus alter muscle sarcomere length and change force generating capacity of the muscle. \u00a9 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:33\u201339, 2015.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T13:59:41Z","timestamp":1411135181000},"page":"33-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["High resolution muscle measurements provide insights into equinus contractures in patients with cerebral palsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Margie A.","family":"Mathewson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100412"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel R.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100412"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100834"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100863"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry G.","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100863"},{"name":"Rady Children's Hospital San Diego 3020 Children's Way San Diego California 92123"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard L.","family":"Lieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100412"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093\u20100863"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1894.tb00199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1966.sp007909"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(84)84246-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(95)00055-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2008.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00503.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00096"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.94B8.28447"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-198911000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03686.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-004-1014-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00779.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.2010.00925.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0594-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.71.3.874"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"The range of sarcomere lengths in the muscle of the human lower limb","volume":"160","author":"Cutts A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2798283"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31821847b3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000194680.94882.d3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"AltobelliGC EngCM AbramsGD et al. submitted. 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