{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T20:19:45Z","timestamp":1776111585648,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]],"date-time":"2015-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008035","name":"Harvard Stem Cell Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32HD069074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32HD069074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>The zebrafish<jats:italic>Danio rerio<\/jats:italic>is a powerful model for the study of development, regenerative biology, and human disease. However, the analysis of load\u2010bearing tissues such as tendons and ligaments has been limited in this system. This is largely due to technical limitations that preclude accurate measurement of their mechanical properties. Here, we present a custom tensile testing system that applies nano\u2010Newton scale forces to zebrafish tendons as small as 1\u2009mm in length. Tendon properties were remarkably similar to mammalian tendons, including stress\u2013strain nonlinearity and a linear modulus (515\u2009\u00b1\u2009152\u2009MPa) that aligned closely with mammalian data. Additionally, a simple exponential constitutive law used to describe tendon mechanics was successfully fit to zebrafish tendons; the associated material constants agreed with literature values for mammalian tendons. Finally, mature and aged zebrafish comparisons revealed a significant decline in mechanical function with age. Based on the exponential constitutive model, age\u2010related changes were primarily caused by a reduction in nonlinearity (e.g., changes in collagen crimp or fiber recruitment). These findings demonstrate the utility of zebrafish as a model to study tendon biomechanics in health and disease. Moreover, these findings suggest that tendon mechanical behavior is highly conserved across vertebrates. \u00a9 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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02129"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calvin C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute 185 Cambridge Street Boston Massachusetts 02114"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenna L.","family":"Galloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Regenerative Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute 185 Cambridge Street Boston Massachusetts 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