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Post traumatic osteoarthritis was surgically induced in skeletally mature rats, followed by in vivo micro\u2010CT imaging for 12 weeks to assess bone micro\u2010structural changes. Rats either received strontium ranelate daily for the entire course of study or only last 10 days before euthanization. Distribution of strontium in bone was assessed in two and three dimensions, using electron probe micro\u2010analysis (EPMA) and synchrotron dual energy K\u2010edge subtraction micro\u2010CT (SR\u03bcCT), respectively. Considerable early formation of osteophytes around the collateral ligament attachments and margins of articulating surfaces were observed, followed by subchondral sclerosis at the later stages. Accordingly, strontium was heavily incorporated by mineralizing osteophytes at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post\u2010surgery, whereas subchondral bone only incorporated strontium between weeks 8\u201312.This study showed low dose stable strontium can effectively serve as a dynamic tracer of bone turnover to study pathological bone micro\u2010structural changes, at resolution higher than nuclear medicine. Co\u2010administration of strontium during therapeutic drug intervention may show enormous utility in assessing the efficacy of those compounds upon adaptive bone physiology. \u00a9 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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