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Our objective was to determine if mitigating aspects of the acute phase of inflammation following a defined knee surgery with a single administration of a glucocorticoid could prevent the development of PTOA\u2010like changes within an established rabbit model of surgically induced PTOA. An early and late post\u2010surgical time\u2010point was investigated in this study (48\u2009h and 9 weeks post\u2010surgery) in which the following groups were repeated (each\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096, for a total of 24 rabbits per time\u2010point, and 48 rabbits used in the study): control (age\/sex matched), sham (arthrotomy), drill injury (arthrotomy\u2009+\u2009two drill holes to a non\u2010cartilaginous area of the femoral notch), and drill injury\u2009+\u2009single intra\u2010articular (IA) injection of dexamethasone (DEX). At 48\u2009h post\u2010surgery, DEX treatment significantly lowered the mRNA levels for a subset of pro\u2010inflammatory mediators, and significantly lowered the histological grade. Nine weeks post surgery, DEX treatment significantly lowered the histological scores (presented as effect size) for synovium (3.8), lateral femoral condyle (3.9), and lateral tibial cartilage (5.1) samples. Thus, DEX likely acts to prevent injury induced inflammation that could contribute to subsequent joint damage. \u00a9 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1826\u20131834, 2015.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T00:55:27Z","timestamp":1435798527000},"page":"1826-1834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Single intra\u2010articular dexamethasone injection immediately post\u2010surgery in a rabbit model mitigates early inflammatory responses and post\u2010traumatic osteoarthritis\u2010like alterations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Bryan J.","family":"Heard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Calgary McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health Cumming School of Medicine Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen 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