{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T07:42:33Z","timestamp":1770450153350,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,24]],"date-time":"2017-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Chondral lesions frequently occur in different topographic locations of the knee. This study evaluated the functional properties among the articulating surfaces of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints, and whether neo\u2010cartilage engineered using chondrocytes from different knee locations would reflect these differences. The biomechanical properties of bovine cartilage isolated from eight locations within the tibiofemoral (medial and lateral condyle, medial and lateral tibial plateau) and patellofemoral joints (medial and lateral trochlea, medial and lateral patella) were examined. Tensile Young's moduli (tensile moduli) and aggregate moduli of the medial condyle were lower than those of the medial tibial plateau (6.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.89\u2009MPa vs. 7.19\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05\u2009MPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04 and 354.4\u2009\u00b1\u200938.3\u2009kPa vs. 419.4\u2009\u00b1\u200931.3\u2009kPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002, respectively). Patella tensile and compressive moduli were lower than the trochlea (4.79\u2009\u00b1\u20092.01\u2009MPa vs. 6.91\u2009\u00b1\u20092.46\u2009MPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01 and 337.4\u2009\u00b1\u200937.2\u2009kPa vs. 389.1\u2009\u00b1\u200938.3\u2009kPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0005, respectively). Furthermore, chondrocytes from the above locations were used to engineer neo\u2010cartilage, and its respective properties were evaluated. In neo\u2010cartilage, medial condyle tensile and aggregate moduli were lower than in the medial tibial plateau (0.96\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23\u2009MPa vs. 1.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31\u2009MPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02, and 115.8\u2009\u00b1\u200926.0\u2009kPa vs. 160.8\u2009\u00b1\u200918.8\u2009kPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001, respectively). Compared to trochlear chondrocytes, neo\u2010cartilage formed from patellar chondrocytes exhibited lower tensile and compressive moduli (1.16\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27\u2009MPa vs. 0.74\u2009\u00b1\u20090.25\u2009MPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, and 109.1\u2009\u00b1\u200924.0\u2009kPa vs. 82.5\u2009\u00b1\u200918.1\u2009kPa, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A significant degree of disparity in biomechanical properties of the opposing articular surfaces was detected; the medial condyle and patella exhibited inferior properties compared to the opposing medial tibial plateau and trochlea, respectively. \u00a9 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2452\u20132464, 2017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T16:15:59Z","timestamp":1489162559000},"page":"2452-2464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Functional properties of native and tissue\u2010engineered cartilage toward understanding the pathogenesis of chondral lesions at the knee: A bovine cadaveric study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Nikolaos K.","family":"Paschos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis 95616 California"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pennsylvania Health System Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis 95616 California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerry C.","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis 95616 California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyriacos A.","family":"Athanasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis 95616 California"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence Ellison Center for Tissue Regeneration and Repair, School of Medicine University of California Davis, Sacramento California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.55095\/achot2008\/068","article-title":"Isolated full thickness chondral injuries. 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