{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:21:08Z","timestamp":1790302868111,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01AR065441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01AR065441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Focal chondral lesions and early osteoarthritis (OA) are responsible for progressive joint pain and disability in millions of people worldwide, yet there is currently no surgical joint preservation treatment available to fully restore the long term functionality of cartilage. Limitations of current treatments for cartilage defects have prompted the field of cartilage tissue engineering, which seeks to integrate engineering and biological principles to promote the growth of new cartilage to replace damaged tissue. Toward improving cartilage repair, hydrogel design has advanced in recent years to improve their utility. Injectable hydrogels have emerged as a promising scaffold due to their wide range of properties, the ability to encapsulate cells within the material, and their ability to provide cues for cell differentiation. Some of these advances include the development of improved control over in situ gelation (e.g., light), new techniques to process hydrogels (e.g., multi\u2010layers), and better incorporation of biological signals (e.g., immobilization, controlled release, and tethering). This review summarises the innovative approaches to engineer injectable hydrogels toward cartilage repair. \u00a9 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:64\u201375, 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,4]],"date-time":"2017-10-04T04:22:39Z","timestamp":1507090959000},"page":"64-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Current and novel injectable hydrogels to treat focal chondral lesions: Properties and applicability"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Pascual\u2010Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Fontan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Aisenbrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Denver, Boulder Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin A.","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Chahla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steadman Philippon Research lnstitute Vail Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie R.","family":"Goodrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Orthopaedic Research Center Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Denver, Boulder Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2016.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2017.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2786"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2016.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LoeserRF HillC.States U. Integrins and chondrocyte\u2013matrix interactions in articular cartilage Richard.2014;11\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2014.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2007.0332"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2004.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym8060219"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2010.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2015.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21172"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2007.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/746138"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6TB00006A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.700"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/marc.200900818"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200903924"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1398470","article-title":"FDA regulation of adult stem cell therapies as used in sports medicine","volume":"28","author":"Chirba MA","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"194","article-title":"Cytokine networking of chondrocyte dedifferentiation in vitro and its implications for cell\u2010based cartilage therapy","volume":"7","author":"Duan L","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.26320","article-title":"Characterization of the chondrocyte secretome in photoclickable poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels","volume":"114","author":"Schneider MC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2009.08.004","article-title":"Dynamic loading stimulates chondrocyte biosynthesis when encapsulated in charged hydrogels prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) and chondroitin sulfate","volume":"29","author":"Villanueva I","year":"2011","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.2695"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0301-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5391.1145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2010.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v7.i3.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4474"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-015-0211-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.B1500036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2014-0264"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.O.00407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LiuS JiaY YuanM et al.2017. Repair of Osteochondral Defects Using Human Umbilical Cord Wharton \u2019 s Jelly\u2010Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rabbit Model.2017.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8760383"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004838"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ShiveMS StanishWD MccormackR et al. BST\u2010CarGel \u00ae Treatment Maintains Cartilage Repair Superiority over Microfracture at 5 Years in a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.2015.","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603514562064"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2006.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.2333"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30660","article-title":"Influence of gel properties on neocartilage formation by auricular chondrocytes photoencapsulated in hyaluronic acid networks","author":"Chung C","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.11.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.3405"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.06.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2005.11.1768"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.0142"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967115625481","article-title":"Concentrated bone marrow aspirate for the treatment of chondral injuries and osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review of outcomes","volume":"4","author":"Chahla J","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop J Sport Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm070052h"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm060671a"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjor.23760","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.23760","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T13:30:43Z","timestamp":1719495043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jor.23760"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jor.23760"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.23760","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-0266","1554-527X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-0266","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-527X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-06-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-09-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-11-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}