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Equal numbers were randomly assigned to no further treatment, ACL reconstruction or repair. Perimeniscal synovium for histopathology and RNA\u2010sequencing was harvested at 1 and 4 weeks post\u2010operatively and from six healthy control animals. Microscopic synovitis scores significantly worsened at 1 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 4 weeks (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) post\u2010surgery relative to controls, and were driven by intimal hyperplasia and increased stromal cellularity without inflammatory infiltrates. Synovitis scores were similar between no treatment, reconstruction, and repair groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2265\u20090.668). Relative to no treatment at 1 week, 88 and 367 genes were differentially expressed in the reconstruction and repair groups, respectively (227 and 277 at 4 weeks). Relative to controls and with the treatment groups pooled, 1,683 transcripts were concordantly differentially expressed throughout the post\u2010surgery time\u2010course. Affected pathways included,<jats:italic>proteolysis_connective tissue degradation<\/jats:italic>(including upregulations of protease\u2010encoding<jats:italic>MMP1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>MMP13<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>ADAMTS4<\/jats:italic>), and<jats:italic>development_cartilage development<\/jats:italic>(including upregulations of<jats:italic>ACAN<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>SOX9<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>RUNX2<\/jats:italic>), among others. Using linear regression, significant associations of post\u2010surgery synovial expression levels of 20 genes with the articular cartilage glycosaminoglycan loss were identified. These genes were predominantly related to<jats:italic>embryonic skeletal system development<\/jats:italic>and included<jats:italic>RUNX2<\/jats:italic>. In conclusion, this study confirmed an increased synovial expression of genes that may serve as targets to prevent cartilage degradation, including<jats:italic>MMP1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>MMP13<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>ADAMTS4<\/jats:italic>, in knees with microscopic synovitis and cartilage proteoglycan loss. Attractive novel targets include regulators of embryonic developmental processes in synovium. \u00a9 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2128\u20132139, 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T19:44:49Z","timestamp":1519242289000},"page":"2128-2139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Transcriptional profiling of synovium in a porcine model of early post\u2010traumatic osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8970-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob T.","family":"Sieker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Children's Hospital 300 Longwood Ave Boston Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedikt L.","family":"Proffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Children's Hospital 300 Longwood Ave Boston Massachusetts 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