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Although most TJR recipients are elderly, studies linking wear particle\u2010activated macrophages and peri\u2010implant osteolysis have not taken into account the multiple effects that aging has on the innate immune system and, in particular, on macrophages. To address this, we compared the wear particle responses of bone marrow macrophages obtained from young (2\u2010month) and aged (18\u2010month) mice. Macrophages were polarized to M0, M1, or M2 phenotypes in vitro, challenged with titanium particles, and their inflammatory response was characterized at multiple time points by quantitative reverse\u2010transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, age\u2010dependent changes in activation of transcription factor nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB were analyzed by a lentiviral vector\u2010based luciferase reporter system. The particle stimulation experiment was further repeated using human primary macrophages isolated from blood donors of different ages. We found that the pro\u2010inflammatory responses were generally higher in macrophages obtained from young mice, but differences between the age groups remained small and of uncertain biological significance. Noteworthily, M2 polarization effectively suppressed the particle\u2010induced inflammation in both young and aged macrophages. These results suggest that aging of the innate immune system per se plays no significant role in the response of macrophages to titanium particles, whereas induction of M2 polarization appears a promising strategy to limit macrophage\u2010mediated inflammation regardless of age. \u00a9 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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