{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T20:54:33Z","timestamp":1789937673610,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patellar dislocation is a debilitating injury common in active adolescents and young adults. Conservative treatment after initial dislocation is often recommended, but almost half of these patients continue to suffer from recurrent dislocation. The objective of this study was to compare <jats:italic>preoperative<\/jats:italic> patellofemoral joint stability with stability after a series of simulated procedures, including <jats:italic>restorative surgery to correct to pre\u2010injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, patient\u2010specific reconstructive surgery to correct anatomic abnormality, less invasive patient\u2010specific surgery, and equivalent healthy controls<\/jats:italic>. Three\u2010dimensional, subject\u2010specific finite element models of the patellofemoral joint were developed for 28 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. A 50\u2009N lateral load was applied to the patella to assess the lateral stability of the patellofemoral joint at 10\u00b0 intervals from 0\u00b0 to 40\u00b0 flexion. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, along with reconstructive procedures to correct anatomic abnormality were simulated. Of all the simulations performed, the healthy equivalent control models showed the least patellar internal\u2013external rotation, medial\u2013lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament restraining load during lateral loading tests. Isolated restorative medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction was the surgery that resulted in the most patellar internal\u2013external rotation, medial\u2013lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament reaction force across all flexion angles. Patient\u2010specific reconstruction to correct anatomic abnormality was the only surgical group to have non\u2010significantly different results compared with the healthy equivalent control group across all joint stability metrics evaluated. Statement of clinical significance: This study suggests patient\u2010specific reconstructive surgery that corrects underlying anatomic abnormalities best reproduces the joint stability of an equivalent healthy control when compared with the\u00a0pre\u2010injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, and less invasive patient\u2010specific surgery. \u00a9 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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