{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:57:21Z","timestamp":1777712241899,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,26]],"date-time":"2020-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201706280086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201706280086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of alarmins in a novel murine rotator cuff tendinopathy model. Alarmins have been described as essential early activators of an immune response to tissue damage. Subacromial impingement was induced in both shoulders of 37 male C57Bl\/6 mice by placement of a small metal clip in the subacromial space. Animals were allocated to different time points up to 6 weeks. The morphology and cellularity of the supraspinatus tendon were evaluated by hematoxylin\u2010eosin staining, alcian blue, and picrosirius red. The expression and localization of alarmins interleukin\u201033 (IL\u201033), c (HMGB1), hypoxia\u2010inducible factor\u20101 subunit \u03b1 (HIF1\u03b1), and S100A9 were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The percentage of positively stained cells with HMGB1 and IL\u201033 was significantly increased in the impingement group at 1w, 4w, and 6w. HIF1\u03b1 staining was higher in the impingement group at 1w and 6w compared with the control group. HMGB1 gene expression was higher in the 5d impingement group and 6w impingement group. The gene expression of HIF1\u03b1 was upregulated at all\u2010time points in the impingement group (5d, 2w, 4w, and 6w). The expression of the S100A9 gene was also upregulated in the 5d impingement group. This is the first study to demonstrate the involvement of alarmins in the early phase of tendinopathy using a reproducible animal model. Alarmins may play an important role in the early phases of the development of tendinopathy They\u00a0may represent potential therapeutic targets for treatment of tendinopathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T11:31:11Z","timestamp":1586863871000},"page":"2513-2520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Expression of alarmins in a murine rotator cuff tendinopathy model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5885-0214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission Xi'an Jiaotong 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