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The purpose of the study was to define clinically relevant features of a mouse model of supraspinatus tendon injury to determine painful, functional, and structural outcomes; we further investigated two cell populations mediating healing using genetic lineage tracing after full detachment and repair of the supraspinatus tendon in mice. The pain was assessed using the mouse grimace scale and function by gait analysis and tensile testing. Histological and microCT analyses were used to determine enthesis\/tendon and bone structure, respectively. Lineage tracing was carried out using inducible Cre lines for ScxCreERT2 (tendon cells) and \u03b1SMACreERT2 (myofibroblasts and mesenchymal progenitors). Mice only expressed pain transiently after surgery despite long\u2010term impairment of functional and structural properties. Gait, tensile mechanical properties, and bone properties were significantly reduced after injury and repair. Lineage tracing showed relatively few <jats:italic>Scx<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sup>\n<jats:italic>lin<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sup> tendon cells while <jats:italic>\u03b1SMA<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sup>\n<jats:italic>lin<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sup> cells contributed strongly to scar formation. Despite surgical reattachment of healthy tendon, lineage tracing revealed poor preservation of supraspinatus tendon after acute injury and loss of tendon structure, suggesting that tendon degeneration is also a key impediment of successful rotator cuff repair. Scar formation after surgery is mediated largely by <jats:italic>\u03b1SMA<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sup>\n<jats:italic>lin<\/jats:italic>\n<\/jats:sup> cells and results in permanently reduced functional and structural properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T17:26:22Z","timestamp":1591291582000},"page":"1789-1799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Cell lineage tracing and functional assessment of supraspinatus tendon healing in an acute repair murine model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Helen L.","family":"Moser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Shoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam C.","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical Center  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Laudier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias A.","family":"Zumstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Shoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Shoulder, Elbow and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Orthopaedics Sonnenhof  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leesa M.","family":"Galatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5037-6829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice H.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2000.101962"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2012.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"78","article-title":"Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures. 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