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However, their effects on peri\u2010implant bone formation and bone\u2013implant interface strength have not been investigated yet. We used a physiologically loaded mouse implant model to investigate the short\u2010term effects of postoperative systemic alendronate on osseointegration. A titanium implant with a rough surface was inserted in the proximal tibiae of 17\u2010week\u2010old female C57BL\/6 mice (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200944). Postimplantation mice were given alendronate (73\u2009\u03bcg\/kg\/days, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922) or vehicle (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922) 5 days\/week. At 7\u2010 and 14\u2010day\u00a0postimplantation, histology and histomorphometry were conducted. At 28 days,\u00a0microcomputed tomography and biomechanical testing were performed (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910\/group). Postoperative alendronate treatment enhanced osseointegration, increasing maximum pullout load by 45% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) from 19.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5\u2009N in the control mice to 27.6\u2009\u00b1\u20094.9\u2009N in the treated mice, at day 28 postimplantation. Alendronate treatment increased the bone volume fraction by 139% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) in the region distal to the implant and 60% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) in the peri\u2010implant region. At 14\u2010day\u00a0postimplantation, alendronate treatment decreased the number of osteoclasts per bone perimeter (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) and increased bone volume fraction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) when compared with the control group. Postimplantation, short\u2010term alendronate treatment enhanced osseointegration as demonstrated by increased bone mass, trabecular bone thickness, and maximum pullout load. Alendronate decreased peri\u2010implant osteoclasts while preserving peri\u2010implant osteoblasts and endothelial cells, in turn, increasing bone volume fraction. This data supports the postoperative clinical use of bisphosphonates, especially in patients with high risks of aseptic loosening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,19]],"date-time":"2020-09-19T12:36:23Z","timestamp":1600518983000},"page":"719-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Alendronate enhances osseointegration in a murine implant model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9816-8471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klemens","family":"Vertesich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthroplasty Research Laboratory Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Branden R.","family":"Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthroplasty Research Laboratory Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingzhen","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthroplasty Research Laboratory Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8535-2635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthroplasty Research Laboratory Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang 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