{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T21:06:10Z","timestamp":1766610370747,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The International Standard Organization, ISO 22622, specifies two options for joint wear simulator evaluation of total ankle replacements (TARs): load\u2010controlled and displacement\u2010controlled. In the present study, the load\u2010controlled testing parameters were applied to cadaveric specimens to quantify and compare the observed sagittal translations and axial rotations to those specified under the displacement\u2010controlled option. Twelve cadaveric specimens were stripped of extraneous tissues, keeping surrounding ankle ligaments. A halo was used to produce plantarflexion and dorsiflexion of the talus through two screws, while a baseplate resisted axial loads. The axial force and torque were applied to the tibia and fibula under force and torque feedback control. An anterior\u2013posterior force was applied to the tibia. Plantarflexion\u2010dorsiflexion were applied using rotation control. To protect the cadaveric specimens, loads were applied at 50% of the specified load profile while plantarflexion\u2013dorsiflexion rotation was applied as specified. There was variation among specimens in magnitudes of anterior\u2013posterior displacement with peaks ranging from 3.3\u2009mm posteriorly to 3.0\u2009mm anteriorly. Likewise, there was variation among specimens in magnitude of axial rotation, with peaks ranging from 11\u00b0 external rotation to 4.5\u00b0 internal rotation. However, the mean magnitudes of AP displacement and axial rotation did not exceed those specified by ISO 22622.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T06:23:19Z","timestamp":1606717399000},"page":"797-805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is load control necessary to produce physiological AP displacement and axial rotation in wear testing of TAR?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6293-8473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan C.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The J. Vernon Luck, Sr., M.D. Orthopaedic Research Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children University of California Los Angeles Department of Orthopaedics Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2400-9224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin P.","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The J. Vernon Luck, Sr., M.D. Orthopaedic Research Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children University of California Los Angeles Department of Orthopaedics Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5812-831X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang\u2010Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The J. Vernon Luck, Sr., M.D. Orthopaedic Research Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children University of California Los Angeles Department of Orthopaedics Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7057-5764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Diego Southern California Permanente Medical Group San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8692-3313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda F.","family":"Gilmartin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The J. Vernon Luck, Sr., M.D. Orthopaedic Research Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children University of California Los Angeles Department of Orthopaedics Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5282-8465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Ebramzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The J. Vernon Luck, Sr., M.D. Orthopaedic Research Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children University of California Los Angeles Department of Orthopaedics Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1394-9771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia N.","family":"Sangiorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The J. 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