{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T22:26:27Z","timestamp":1793312787079,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772296"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772296"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using an animal model, we aimed to investigate the effects of an inverted limbus on acetabular development following closed reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We interpositioned\u00a0the menisci of 5\u2010week\u2010old rabbits (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200940) into the hip joints to simulate limbus inversion following closed reduction for DDH. The acetabular index (AI) on anteroposterior pelvic radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging\u00a0were used to evaluate acetabular development. Animals were euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Histological sections of the acetabular cartilage were stained and scored in accordance with the modified Mankin system. Scanning electron microscopy\u00a0and transmission electron microscopy\u00a0were used to examine the ultrastructure of the acetabular cartilage. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end\u2010labeling\u00a0staining was used to evaluate chondrocyte apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses were used to examine the expression of type X collagen (Col\u2010X) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP\u201013) in the acetabular cartilage. AI values increased over a period and were higher in the experimental group than in the sham group. In the experimental group, the acetabular surface had become rough and had split in some cases. Chondrocytes within the acetabular cartilage had become hypertrophic, gradually forming clusters, and taking on an apoptotic appearance. Col\u2010X and MMP\u201013 expression also increased with time. Our findings suggest that residual limbus inversion following closed reduction for DDH can cause progressive dysplasia of the acetabulum, apoptosis of acetabular chondrocytes, accelerated cartilage degeneration, and even early\u2010stage osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]],"date-time":"2021-02-13T04:09:13Z","timestamp":1613189353000},"page":"2595-2603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Acetabular development and fate of inverted limbus in rabbits: Experimental observation from an animal model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4099-5079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Orthopedics Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 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