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In the present study, we investigated the impact of intra\u2010articular sprifermin, a recombinant truncated fibroblast growth factor 18, on the outcome of microfracture treatment, a widely used surgical technique to enhance cartilage healing at the site of injury. For this study, we created a cartilage defect and performed microfracture treatment in fetlock joints of 18 horses, treated joints with one of three doses of sprifermin (10, 30, or 100\u2009\u03bcg) or with saline, hyaluronan, and evaluated animals functional and structural outcomes over 24 weeks. For primary outcome measures, we performed histological evaluations and gene expression analysis of aggrecan, collagen types I and II, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein\u00a0in three regions of interest. As secondary outcome measures, we examined animals' lameness, performed arthroscopic, radiographic, and computed tomography (CT) scan imaging and gross morphology assessment. We detected the highest treatment benefit following 100\u2009\u03bcg sprifermin treatment. The overall histological assessment showed an improvement in the kissing region, and the expression of constitutive genes showed a concentration\u2010dependent enhancement, especially in the peri\u2010lesion area. We detected a significant improvement in lameness scores, arthroscopic evaluations, radiography, and CT scans following sprifermin treatment when results from three dose\u2010treatment groups were combined. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, an enhancement on microfracture outcomes following sprifermin treatment suggesting a cartilage regenerative role and a potential benefit of sprifermin treatment in early cartilage injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T22:50:05Z","timestamp":1619995805000},"page":"553-564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Recombinant fibroblast growth factor\u201018 (sprifermin) enhances microfracture\u2010induced cartilage healing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7942-576X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honey","family":"Hendesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania 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