{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:38:02Z","timestamp":1791549482717,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first goal of this study was to develop reliable three\u2010dimensional definitions of alignment for the ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot joints. These alignments are based on three\u2010dimensional morphological features derived from renderings of the bones obtained from weightbearing computer tomography. The second goal was to establish a database quantifying the alignment of the ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot joints in a healthy population during weightbearing bilateral standing. This level 1 study was performed on 95 normal subjects in which random subjects were recruited into a control group. Weightbearing computed tomography scans of the leg were collected in neutral, bilateral, standing posture. In 30 of the subjects, both the left and right leg was scanned. Six alignment parameters for each joint were calculated from morphological measurements conducted on three\u2010dimensional renderings of the bones. Intra\u2010 and intertester reliability was assessed from repeated measurements by several testers. Analysis of variance statistics of the alignment parameters showed no statistical differences due to age, gender, or foot side. Intraclass correlation coefficient analysis showed excellent inter\u2010 and intratester reliability. It was concluded that the alignment process is comprehensive and reliable. Therefore, without classification by gender or age, it may be used as a foundation for quantifying abnormal alignment associated with various ankle deformities. Clinical significance: The alignment methodology and control database may be used to diagnose ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot misalignment. It can also serve as basis for surgical planning designed to restore normal alignment in various hindfoot pathologies, such as ankle realignment in total ankle replacement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T09:44:58Z","timestamp":1643017498000},"page":"2430-2439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot alignment of the normal, weightbearing hindfoot, in bilateral posture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jordan","family":"Stolle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Drexel University  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Lintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Ramsay 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