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However, in extensive infections, sessile bacteria may remain in bone cells or soft tissues protected by biofilm leading to recurrences. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate if systemically administrated tetracycline (TET) could bind to pre\u2010implanted HA particles and impart an antibacterial effect locally. In vitro studies indicated that the binding of TET to nano\u2010 and micro\u2010sized HA particles was rapid and plateaued already at 1\u2009h. Since protein passivation of HA after in\u2010vivo implantation could affect HA\u2013TET interaction, we investigated the effect of serum exposure on HA\u2013TET binding in an antibacterial assay. Although, serum exposure reduced the zone of inhibition (ZOI) of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, a significant ZOI could still be observed after pre\u2010incubation of HA with serum. We could in addition show that zoledronic acid (ZA) competes for the same binding sites as TET and that exposure to high doses of ZA led to reduced TET\u2013HA binding. In an in\u2010vivo setting, we then confirmed that systemically administered TET seeks HA particles that were pre\u2010implanted in muscle and subcutaneous pouches in rats and mice respectively, preventing HA particles from being colonized by <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>. Clinical Significance: This study describes a new drug delivery method that could prevent bacterial colonization of a HA biomaterial and reduce recurrences in bone infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T09:45:27Z","timestamp":1687167927000},"page":"212-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hydroxyapatite: An antibiotic recruiting moiety for local treatment and prevention of bone infections"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Sujeesh","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jintian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Tandberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mattias","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Puthia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8767-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak Bushan","family":"Raina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04689-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.638085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-019-0061-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00686-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-022-00227-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199529010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12010074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S356257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70726-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b00541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B9.38057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2017.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.26301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17434440.2013.827529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2019.1686865"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2019.1707951"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1948.tb27262.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"The clinical value of aureomycin; 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