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CS\u2010NPs possess desirable properties, including antibacterial properties in biofilm\u2010mediated infections. CS\u2010NPs were produced using ionic gelation and characterized via scanning electron microscope imaging. <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> was incubated with CS\u2010NPs at various concentrations and compared to a 1% povidone\u2010iodine with 1% H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> control in 24\u2010well plates. Stainless steel bone screws were placed in six\u2010well plates and inoculated with <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>. After 24\u2009h, the screws were transferred to one of three solutions (saline, 40\u2009mg\/mL CS\u2010NP, or 1% povidone\u2010iodine with 1% H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Four screws from each group were vortexed in saline and plated. The remaining screw from each group was prepped and imaged to map the location of persistent bacteria. Synthesized CS\u2010NPs had a mean diameter of 0.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13\u2009\u03bcm and circularity of 0.87\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05. The percent inhibition of bacterial attachment was 73% at 20\u2009mg\/mL, 73% at 30\u2009mg\/mL, 75% at 40\u2009mg\/mL, 79% at 50\u2009mg\/mL, and 78% at 60\u2009mg\/mL. When compared to saline, the 40\u2009mg\/mL CS\u2010NP solution reduced bacteria on the screws by 76%. No bacteria were retrieved from the 1% povidone\u2010iodine with 1% H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> group. This study demonstrated that CS\u2010NP solution effectively inhibited <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> bacterial attachment and was more effective than saline in eradicating bacteria from orthopedic hardware, suggesting that CS\u2010NPs have the potential for prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal infections as a component of an intraoperative surgical irrigation solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T06:05:15Z","timestamp":1689314715000},"page":"223-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The potential of suspended chitosan nanoparticles as a surgical irrigation fluid"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0942-8666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miles D.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Analisa J.","family":"Narro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5745-9596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugh L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip C.","family":"Noble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3866-0683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine G.","family":"Ambrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"AAOS. 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