{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:55:34Z","timestamp":1762869334045,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008894","name":"Stryker","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008894","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010union during healing of bone fractures affects up to ~5% of patients worldwide. Given the success of recombinant human platelet\u2010derived growth factor\u2010B chain homodimer (rhPDGF\u2010BB) in promoting angiogenesis and bone fusion in the hindfoot and ankle, rhPDGF\u2010BB combined with bovine type I collagen\/\u03b2\u2010TCP matrix (AIBG) could serve as a viable alternative to autografts in the treatment of non\u2010unions. Defects (~2\u2009mm gaps) were surgically induced in tibiae of skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits. Animals were allocated to one of four groups\u2014(1) negative control (empty defect, healing for 8 weeks), (2 and 3) acute treatment with AIBG (healing for 4\u00a0or 8\u00a0weeks), and (4) chronic treatment with AIBG (injection 4 weeks post defect creation and then healing for 8 weeks). Bone formation was analyzed qualitatively and semi\u2010quantitatively through histology. Samples were imaged using dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry and computed tomography for defect visualization and volumetric reconstruction, respectively. Delayed healing or non\u2010healing was observed in the negative control group, whereas defects treated with AIBG in an acute setting yielded bone formation as early as 4 weeks with bone growth appearing discontinuous. At 8 weeks (acute setting), substantial remodeling was observed with higher degrees of bone organization characterized by appositional bone growth. The chronic healing, experimental, group yielded bone formation and remodeling, with no indication of non\u2010union after treatment with AIBG. Furthermore, bone growth in the chronic healing group was accompanied by an increased presence of osteons, osteonal canals, and interstitial lamellae. Qualitatively and semiquantitatively, chronic application of AI facilitated complete bridging of the induced non\u2010union defects, while untreated defects or defects treated acutely with AIBG demonstrated a lack of complete bridging at 8 weeks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T15:24:40Z","timestamp":1712762680000},"page":"1998-2006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A rhPDGF\u2010BB\/bovine type I collagen\/\u03b2\u2010TCP mixture for the treatment of critically sized non\u2010union tibial defects: An in vivo study in rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2739-0339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasudev Vivekanand","family":"Nayak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"II","given":"Joseph P.","family":"Costello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quinn T.","family":"Ehlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blaire V.","family":"Slavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Mirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles E. 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