{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T21:47:34Z","timestamp":1790372854294,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exercise influences clinical Achilles tendon health in humans, but animal models of exercise\u2010related Achilles tendon changes are lacking. Moreover, previous investigations of the effects of treadmill running exercise on rat Achilles tendon demonstrate variable outcomes. Our objective was to assess the functional, structural, cellular, and biomechanical impacts of treadmill running exercise on rat Achilles tendon with sensitive in and ex vivo approaches. Three running levels were assessed over the course of 8 weeks: control (cage activity), moderate\u2010speed (treadmill running at 10\u2009m\/min, no incline), and high\u2010speed (treadmill running at 20\u2009m\/min, 10\u00b0 incline). We hypothesized that moderate\u2010speed treadmill running would beneficially impact tendon biomechanics through increased tenocyte cellularity, metabolism, and anabolism whereas high\u2010speed treadmill running would cause a tendinopathic phenotype with compromised tendon biomechanics due to pathologic tenocyte differentiation, metabolism, and catabolism. Contrary to our hypothesis, treadmill running exercise at these speeds had a nominal effect on the rat Achilles tendon. Treadmill running modestly influenced tenocyte metabolism and nuclear aspect ratio as well as viscoelastic tendon properties but did not cause a tendinopathic phenotype. These findings highlight the need for improved models of exercise\u2010 and loading\u2010related tendon changes that can be leveraged to develop strategies for tendinopathy prevention and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.26030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T06:28:52Z","timestamp":1735367332000},"page":"519-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Moderate\u2010 and High\u2010Speed Treadmill Running Exercise Have Minimal Impact on Rat Achilles Tendon"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2869-0886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret K.","family":"Tamburro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 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