{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:26Z","timestamp":1786978106288,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Accurate measurements of knee joint motion during gait after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), especially for the patellofemoral joint, are sparse. The aim of this study was to measure six\u2010degree\u2010of\u2010freedom (6\u2010DOF) patellofemoral and tibiofemoral motion in ACLR and uninjured contralateral knees during gait, and to compare these results to healthy (control) knees. Biplane fluoroscopy was used to measure 6\u2010DOF patellofemoral and tibiofemoral motion in 15 ACLR participants (26.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.9 years) for complete cycles of level walking and downhill walking, and the results were compared to data for 10 healthy individuals (29.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.1 years). Mean patellar superior translation, anterior translation, and flexion over the gait cycle were respectively 4.4\u20135.6\u2009mm greater, 5.4\u20136.3\u2009mm greater, and 3.7\u00b0\u20137.0\u00b0 less in the ACLR and contralateral knees compared to controls across both activities (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.021). Articular contact was 7.6\u2009mm higher on the femoral trochlea in the ACLR and contralateral knees compared to controls. The patellar tendon was 8.9\u2009mm longer (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in the ACLR and contralateral knees compared to controls. Among ACLR participants, 14 out of 30 knees (47%) had an Insall\u2013Salvati ratio \u2265\u20091.20, indicating patella alta. Mean tibial external rotation and anterior translation over the gait cycle were respectively 3.4\u00b0\u20133.8\u00b0 greater and 2.6\u20133.0\u2009mm greater in the ACLR knee compared to controls across both activities (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.025). A high\u2010riding patella in both knees of the ACLR participants was due to a longer patellar tendon. A change in the load\u2010bearing areas of the femoral trochlea may contribute to the high rate of patellofemoral osteoarthritis seen after ACLR.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.26062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T04:01:07Z","timestamp":1742356867000},"page":"1024-1034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A High\u2010Riding Patella Is a Feature of Knee Joint Motion During Gait After ACL Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9234-1782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus G.","family":"Pandy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 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