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This scoping review evaluates in vitro studies on hemiarthroplasty bearing materials (HBM), focusing on the HBM tested, cartilage specimens, experimental setups, outcome variables, and the comparability of results. Of 1798 identified studies, 72 met the inclusion criteria, with 48 classified as in vitro. HBMs tested included metals (42%) and soft polymers (30%) and 45% of studies utilized multiple distinct HBMs. Cartilage specimens were predominantly bovine (65%), mostly from the tibial\u2010femoral joint (69%). The two most common experimental set ups were tribometers (75%) and simulators (25%) both using commercial and custom\u2010built rigs. Tribometer configurations included pin\u2010on\u2010disc and pin\u2010on\u2010plate models and simulators highlighted ball\u2010on\u2010joint set ups. Tribometer motions included linear reciprocating (62%) or multidirectional reciprocating (24%). Input parameters included contact stress (8.8\u2009kPa to 23.3\u2009MPa, mean 2.1\u2009MPa), velocity (0.5\u2010100\u2009mm\/s, mean 16.46\u2009mm\/s), testing duration (0.03\u201333.8\u2009h, mean 5.4\u2009h), and distance (5.4\u2009cm to 9000\u2009m, mean 393\u2009m). Simulators used inputs of loads ranging from 25\u2009N to 1.5\u2009kN, 500 to 500,000 cycles and a variety of flexion\u2010extension profiles together with secondary motions. Lubricants were mostly bovine calf serum (38%) and saline\u2010based solutions (21%). Outcome variables mainly included coefficient of friction and damage to cartilage and\/or HBM, but the methods to assess these outputs varied. Methodological differences and inconsistent reporting of outcomes limited the ability to draw firm conclusions about the relative performance of HBMs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.70026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T04:33:37Z","timestamp":1753763617000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["In Vitro Evaluation of Hemiarthroplasty Bearing Materials: A Scoping Review (Part I)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7879-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria P.","family":"Marino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0881-7151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"De Vecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8123-0611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Koya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Showa Medical University Koto Toyosu Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0631-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Landon M.","family":"Begin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biology, Engineering and Medicine Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7649-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas C.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8786-0905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Crisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biology, Engineering and Medicine Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6169-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus A.","family":"Wimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"[Date unknown]. 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