{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T15:07:27Z","timestamp":1779289647462,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Rotator cuff tears are a common source of pain and disability. Surgical treatment outcomes can be influenced by tendon quality, but conventional MRI does not allow for objective assessment of tendon degeneration. This work aims to develop and evaluate quantitative ultra\u2010short echo\u2010time (UTE) MRI methods to assess rotator cuff tendon quality in vivo. Followed by a validation study using bovine tendons, five volunteers, twelve patients with rotator cuff surgeries, and twelve age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls were scanned on a 3\u2009T GE Signa Premier scanner. For the patients and control subjects, participant\u2010reported outcome measures were obtained. Clinical shoulder MRI was performed to characterize tendon pathology. Quantitative imaging included multi\u2010echo UTE Cones and magnetization transfer (MT)\u2010prepared UTE Cones. Multi\u2010echo UTE Cones images were used for both mono\u2010exponential fitting (\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and bi\u2010exponential fitting (deriving short and long\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    * (\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>l<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and the fraction of\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    component (\n                    <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    )). In the specimen study, MMF showed minimal orientation dependence compared with\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\u2010based parameters. Between the patient and the matched control groups, significant differences were observed for the mean\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and MMF. Moderate correlations were observed between these quantitative metrics and outcome measures (0.37  |\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    |\u2009 0.63). Increasing pathological severity was associated with elevated\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    and reduced MMF values. Quantitative UTE\u2010based measurements, particularly\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    *\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    and MMF, are sensitive to tendon degeneration and correlate with clinical outcomes. These biomarkers may support improved surgical decision\u2010making and monitor tendon healing process.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.70158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T05:25:28Z","timestamp":1770441928000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantitative Ultrashort Echo\u2010Time MRI to Assess In Vivo Rotator Cuff Tendon Quality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Misung","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peder E. Z.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"UCSF\u2010UC Berkely Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zehra","family":"Akkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ankara University Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Carl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GE HealthCare San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. Benjamin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Drew A.","family":"Lansdown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian T.","family":"Feeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharmila","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"UCSF\u2010UC Berkely Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198303000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B2.7706351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"The Incidence of Full Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears in a Large Cadaveric Population","volume":"54","author":"Lehman C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bulletin (Hospital for Joint Diseases (New York, N.Y.))"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Abnormal Findings on Magnetic Resonance Images of Asymptomatic Shoulders","volume":"77","author":"Sher J. 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A Prospective Outcome Study","volume":"89","author":"Sugaya H.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4276-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517695234"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1521-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514561004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519835491"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32098\/mltj.01.2013.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.53.6.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Tendon Injury and Tendinopathy: Healing and Repair","volume":"87","author":"Sharma P.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery\u2010American Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.2.3983395"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910320508"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2003.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24657"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24760"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11138\/mltj\/2017.7.1.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3547-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-016-2534-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520946772"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910320508"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3609"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25914"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000532"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20796"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26716"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(87)90021-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26673"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.127096"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200303000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910380524"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910340618"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/76.2.297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmre.2000.2059"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.02343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","first-page":"540","article-title":"THE Microvascular Pattern of the Rotator Cuff","volume":"52","author":"Rathbun J. 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