{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:27:43Z","timestamp":1787570863010,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Intercalary reconstruction following diaphyseal tumor resection is advantageous in that they preserve the joint above and below. Recently, intramedullary devices such as intramedullary nails (IMN), photodynamic bone stabilizing system (PBSS), and intercalary endoprosthetic reconstruction (EPR) have become increasingly used. Understanding the tradeoffs associated with each construct as well as characterizing their mechanical stability is essential for making a patient\u2010specific decision for reconstruction. The mechanical properties of four different constructs used in the reconstruction of segmental defects in a femur model were compared: Double plate (DP) allograft secured by 90\u201390 plating, allograft secured by IMN and plate fixation, allograft secured by PBSS and plate fixation, as well as an intercalary prosthesis (EPR). Samples were tested in axial, bending and torsional loading, and mechanical properties were compared. The EPR during anterior\u2013posterior bending had 51.63% of the displacement compared to the DP (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0007), and 55% of the creep over 100 cycles (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0126) with a rigidity of 201.3% (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0067). This difference also exists for cyclic torsion where the EPR rotates 52.32% the amount of the DP (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0044) and has 4.44% of the creep (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The PBSS and IMN constructs had comparable results across all tests (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Overall, the EPR has comparable or superior mechanical stability to the DP, while the PBSS and IMN have similar mechanical properties. Together, these results can be used as a guide for surgeons to choose different implants depending on individual patient needs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.70260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T07:50:13Z","timestamp":1785657013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intercalary Allograft Reconstruction of the Femur: A Cadaveric Comparison of Intramedullary and Plate Fixation Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4705-7026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yazan","family":"Kadkoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2210-433X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory James","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9211-5766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph Anthony","family":"Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas Philip","family":"Helbig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0593-6467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vijay","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3960-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Rene","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6079-4629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David N.","family":"Paglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Benevenia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Rutgers\u2010New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2022.107006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200702000-00004"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"971","article-title":"Retrieved Human Allografts: A Clinicopathological Study","volume":"83","author":"Enneking W. F.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery \u2013 American Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2151459318824904"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcr.2019.100200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"453","article-title":"The Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System: A Minimally Invasive, Percutaneous Intramedullary Polymeric Osteosynthesis for Simple and Complex Long Bone Fractures","volume":"7","author":"Vegt P.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Medical Devices: Evidence and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03927-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-024-03833-w"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1487","article-title":"Intercalary Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Diaphyseal Bone Tumours","volume":"88","author":"Ahlmann E. R.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4588-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20210618-23"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"5640","article-title":"Doxorubicin Restrains Osteogenesis and Promotes Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro","volume":"12","author":"Zhou L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Effect of Chemotherapy on Segmental Bone Healing Enhanced by rhBMP\u20102","volume":"24","author":"Morcuende J. A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Iowa Orthopaedic Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-019-00595-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"3508","article-title":"Short\u2010Term Outcomes of Reconstruction Subsequent to Intercalary Resection of Femoral Diaphyseal Metastatic Tumor With Pathological Fracture: Comparison Between Segmental Allograft and Intercalary Prosthesis","volume":"15","author":"Lun D. X.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncology Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52312\/jdrs.2021.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(17)30658-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677808993231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.791554"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02836-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.28.5.568"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21893"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"2425","article-title":"Biomechanical Evaluation With Finite Element Analysis of the Reconstruction of Femoral Tumor Defects by Using a Double\u2010Barrel Free Vascularized Fibular Graft Combined With a Locking Plate","volume":"7","author":"Ma L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2021.04.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(15)30054-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOSGlobal-D-19-00064"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.70260","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jor.70260","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jor.70260","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:15:04Z","timestamp":1787570104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jor.70260"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jor.70260"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.70260","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-0266","1554-527X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-0266","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-527X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70260"}}