{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:08:09Z","timestamp":1790690889110,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006488","name":"Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006488","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tendinopathy of the superficial digital flexor tendon affects horse health and performance, with slow healing and high re\u2010injury rates due to the formation of mechanically weaker scar tissue. Tendons are rich in Type I collagen and may benefit from supplementation with collagen\u2010derived dipeptide prolyl hydroxyproline (H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH) which improves collagen regeneration and reduces scarring in murine injury models. However, its effects on equine tenocytes in the tendon proper (TP) and peritenon (PERI) under stress are unknown. Three\u2010dimensional fibrin\u2010based TP and PERI constructs were used to evaluate the effects of H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH within TP and PERI niches under control conditions and simulated post\u2010injury environments. Constructs were treated with H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH alone or in combination with inflammatory (Interleukin\u20101 beta, IL\u20101\u03b2) or glucocorticoid (dexamethasone, DEX) stimuli. Gene expression was assessed by RT\u2010qPCR, collagen content was quantified using a hydroxyproline assay, and tendon ultrastructure was evaluated using second harmonic generation imaging. Under control conditions, H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH enhanced alignment in TP. Under inflammatory and DEX stress, H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH did not reverse stress\u2010induced transcriptional shifts or restore collagen content. However, H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH treatment improved collagen fibril organization and alignment, with structural rescue seen in PERI constructs. In stressful conditions induced by IL\u20101\u03b2 or DEX, structural improvements did not always correspond with biochemical measurements of collagen, suggesting that H\u2010Pro\u2010Hyp\u2010OH promotes matrix organization rather than bulk collagen accumulation in adverse post\u2010injury environments. The responsiveness of PERI cells highlights the importance of targeting the extrinsic repair niche to promote functional tendon repair and limit fibrotic scarring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.70284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:44:00Z","timestamp":1789991040000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prolyl\u2010Hydroxyproline Promotes Structural Matrix Organization in 3D Equine Tendon Proper and Peritenon Post\u2010Injury Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Angelique O.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural &amp; Environmental Sciences University of California Davis Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6456-9894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Mienaltowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural &amp; 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