{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T16:25:49Z","timestamp":1792772749773,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Early detection of cartilage degeneration remains a critical unmet clinical need. While contrast\u2010enhanced computed tomography shows promise in detecting early structural and compositional changes in articular cartilage, full adoption into clinical use requires a comprehensive understanding of how contrast agents affect cartilage function, including potential biomechanical alterations. This study investigates how exposure to two contrast agents, pre\u2010clinical ultrasmall cationic tantalum oxide nanoparticles (Ta\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010cNPs) and neutral iodixanol, approved for clinical use, affect the mechanical and frictional properties of articular cartilage. Biomechanical and tribological properties of osteochondral samples (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200960) from adult bovine stifle joints (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099) were systematically assessed before and after contrast agent immersion using friction testing, stress\u2010relaxation, and dynamic loading protocols. The effect of solid and charged contrast agents on extracellular matrix stiffness and fluid\u2010flow properties was studied using finite element modeling, which enabled interpretation of the stress\u2010relaxation response and extraction of constituent\u2010specific mechanical parameters. The results demonstrate that Ta\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010cNP uptake softens extracellular matrix of cartilage as non\u2010fibrillar matrix modulus decreases (linear mixed model,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Both contrast agents reduce permeability and viscosity of cartilage. These findings highlight the sensitivity of articular cartilage mechanics to contrast\u2010agent uptake and distribution within the tissue. The results underscore the importance of carefully considering nanoparticle charge and size together with other physicochemical properties, such as composition, concentration, surface chemistry, and tissue retention, when designing contrast agents for cartilage imaging or therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.70297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:45:54Z","timestamp":1792431954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cationic Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticle and Neutral Iodixanol Contrast Agents Alter Cartilage Mechanical Properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3427-7679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Rissanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Center Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8442-8458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiri","family":"J\u00e4ntti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Center Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9724-3903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juuso","family":"Tuppurainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Center Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5779-1307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milka","family":"Poimala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Center Kuopio University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Savo Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1482-9509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian D.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5453-3668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark W.","family":"Grinstaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Biomedical Engineering Chemistry, and Medicine, Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika E.","family":"Mononen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miitu K. 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