{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T22:51:08Z","timestamp":1781218268239,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin C, an enzyme cofactor and antioxidant, could hasten the resolution of inflammation, oxidative stress, and microvascular dysfunction. While observational studies have demonstrated that critical illness is associated with low levels of vitamin C, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin C, alone or in combination with other antioxidants, have yielded contradicting results. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception to December 2017) for RCTs comparing vitamin C, by enteral or parenteral routes, with placebo or none, in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Two independent reviewers assessed study eligibility without language restrictions and abstracted data. Overall mortality was the primary outcome; secondary outcomes were incident infections, ICU length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, and duration of mechanical ventilation (MV). We prespecified 5 subgroups hypothesized to benefit more from vitamin C. Eleven randomized trials were included. When 9 RCTs (n = 1322) reporting mortality were pooled, vitamin C was not associated with reduced risk of mortality (risk ratio [RR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43\u20131.20, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .21). No effect was found on infections, ICU or hospital LOS, or duration of MV. In multiple subgroup comparison, no statistically significant subgroup effects were observed. However, we did observe a tendency towards a mortality reduction (RR 0.21; 95% CI: 0.04\u20131.05; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .06) when intravenous high\u2010dose vitamin C monotherapy was administered. Current evidence does not support supplementing critically ill patients with vitamin C. A moderately large treatment effect may exist, but further studies, particularly of monotherapy administration, are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T10:38:45Z","timestamp":1542623925000},"page":"335-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Vitamin C Administration to the Critically Ill: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Pascal L.","family":"Langlois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Sherbrooke University Hospital  Sherbrooke Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Manzanares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Intensive Care Unit University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine  Universidad de la Republica Montevideo Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4038-5382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neill K. 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