{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:25:12Z","timestamp":1760919912005,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) have an increased risk for central line\u2013associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), including candidemia. Recently, 7 single\u2010nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <jats:italic>TLR1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CD58<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LCE4A\u2010Clorf68<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TAGAP<\/jats:italic> have been associated with the development of candidemia. Identification of host\u2010genetic as well as clinical risk factors may help to identify patients who have an increased susceptibility to such infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of the reported SNPs in patients receiving HPN, and to explore clinical risk factors associated with candidemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed blood samples of adult patients who started HPN between 1976 and 2017 at our referral center for intestinal failure. Primary outcome was the association between <jats:italic>TLR1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CD58<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LCE4A\u2010Clorf68<\/jats:italic>, or <jats:italic>TAGAP<\/jats:italic> SNPs and candidemia. Secondary outcomes included the relation between severity of infection and these SNPs, and clinical risk factors for candidemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 341 included patients, 42 (12%) experienced a candidemia (range 1\u20136). None of the 7 SNPs were associated with candidemia or the severity of infection. The rate of non\u2010<jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\u2010related CLABSIs was significantly associated with candidemia (rate ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.14\u20131.46; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>None of 7 known SNPs in <jats:italic>TLR1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CD58<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LCE4A\u2010Clorf68<\/jats:italic>, or <jats:italic>TAGAP<\/jats:italic> were associated with candidemia or severity of infection in patients receiving HPN. The rate of non\u2010<jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\u2010related CLABSIs was significantly associated with the development of candidemia. The latter supports the key role of aseptic catheter handling with respect to <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> susceptibility in patients receiving HPN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T03:54:57Z","timestamp":1557460497000},"page":"282-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Contribution of Genetic and Clinical Risk Factors to Development of Candidemia in Patients Receiving Home Parenteral Nutrition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5822-0255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick","family":"Wouters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intestinal Failure Unit Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hennie M. J.","family":"Roelofs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intestinal Failure Unit Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihai G.","family":"Netea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 H. M.","family":"te Morsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intestinal Failure Unit Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geert J. A.","family":"Wanten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intestinal Failure Unit Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2012.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421946"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1103-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir867"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201201678"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1315399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-014-0689-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607116678766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.01.020"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Toll\u2010like receptor 4 Asp299Gly\/Thr399Ile polymorphisms are a risk factor for Candida bloodstream infection","volume":"17","author":"Van der Graaf CA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5675"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2003.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2011.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"Prevention CfDCa.Bloodstream Infection Event (Central Line\u2010Associated Bloodstream Infection and Non\u2010central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection).https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/acute-care-hospital\/clabsi\/index.html. 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