{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:28:04Z","timestamp":1791404884331,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intestinal epithelial integrity is influenced by short\u2010chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and is of critical importance for children with intestinal failure (IF) given the known devastating infectious and gastrointestinal complications. The composition of the microbiome in IF represents an important variable in the physiology and prognosis of this disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to compare the intestinal microbiome and SCFA concentration of children who require parenteral nutrition (PN) with that of children with short\u2010bowel syndrome (SBS) who have discontinued PN and with age\u2010matched controls, using high\u2010throughput sequencing to investigate host\u2010microbe interactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010three samples were submitted over 6\u201315 months. Six children with SBS + IF submitted 34 samples, and 6 children with SBS with discontinued PN submitted 15 samples; these were compared with samples from 5 control children. Fecal samples were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA partial gene sequencing using the MiSeq Illumina sequencer. SCFAs were measured in stool samples by mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Butyrate quantity was near absent in children with IF compared with that in controls (median 0.37 nmol\/mg vs 10.92 nmol\/mg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .0001). Similarly, commensal anaerobes known to produce SCFA, including Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, were reduced in those with SBS. SBS + IF enteric samples demonstrated a 168\u2010fold increase in the relative abundance of the <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic> genus seemingly attributable to the species <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reduced relative abundance of butyrate\u2010producing Clostridia as well as decreased intestinal butyrate concentration in children with IF support further investigation in therapeutic options that target butyrate\u2010producing bacterial communities or butyrate supplementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T23:34:20Z","timestamp":1571787260000},"page":"1112-1123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Starving the Gut: A Deficit of Butyrate in the Intestinal Ecosystem of Children With Intestinal Failure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6450-1440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenna K.","family":"Dowhaniuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake","family":"Szamosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Chorlton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Undergraduate Medicine McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition McMaster Children's Hospital  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Mileski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition McMaster Children's Hospital  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose\u2010Frances","family":"Clause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition McMaster Children's Hospital  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Pernica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn M. 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