{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:45:35Z","timestamp":1760985935511,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]],"date-time":"2020-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>SMOFlipid is a mixed\u2010lipid emulsion approved for adults in the United States as an alternative to soybean oil\u2013based lipid (SO). There are limited data on the use of SMOFlipid in pediatrics and its effect on the fatty acid (FA) profile. Our objective was to characterize changes in FA profile, liver function, and growth in pediatric patients with intestinal failure (IF), following transition from SO or a fish\u2010oil (FO) and SO combination to SMOFlipid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective case series was conducted on pediatric parenteral nutrition\u2013dependent IF patients transitioned to SMOFlipid. Demographics, anthropometrics, labs, and achievement of nutrition goals were assessed. Linear mixed\u2010effect models assessed effects on FA levels and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred thirty\u2010nine FA panels were collected from 20 patients. Median SMOFlipid dose at study completion was 2 g\/kg\/d (interquartile range, 1.6\u20132). During the 1.5 years after SMOFlipid initiation, \u03c9\u20106 FA increased to physiologic levels, arachidonic acid increased from 298 to 461 nmol\/mL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), and linoleic acid increased from 1172 to 1922 nmol\/mL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). \u03c9\u20103 FA remained within normal limits. Body mass index <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score and length <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score increased, though no significant changes were found. In addition, no significant changes were found in mead acid, hepatic function, triene\u2010to\u2010tetraene ratio, or triglycerides.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 20 pediatric IF patients, SMOFlipid allowed greater \u03c9\u20106 FA provision while maintaining \u03c9\u20103 FA, hepatic function, and patient growth. This longitudinal study identified improved FA profile associated with SMOFlipid use in comparison with SO with or without FO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T05:26:56Z","timestamp":1589606816000},"page":"546-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluation of SMOFlipid in Pediatric Intestinal\u2010Failure Patients and Its Effects on Essential Fatty Acid Levels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9106-7558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice E.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacie C.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna V.","family":"Faino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Core for Biomedical Statistics Seattle Children's Research Institute  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nila","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Seattle Children's Hospital  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Washington State 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