{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:11:04Z","timestamp":1760883064927,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]],"date-time":"2020-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010carbohydrate high\u2010fat diets (LCHFDs) are thought to be beneficial for metabolic support in patients with advanced cancer. However, whether LCHFDs affect the progression of carcinomatous peritonitis (CP) remains unclear. Our study examined the influence of a lard\u2010based LCHFD on host immunity and survival in a murine CP model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or an LCHFD ad libitum. On day 7, Panc02 cancer cells were inoculated intraperitoneally. Mice were killed on days 7, 21, and 35, and cytokine levels in the peritoneal fluid, as well as the number and phenotypes of peritoneal, splenic, and tumor\u2010infiltrating lymphocytes were measured. Survival studies were performed with both ad libitum and isocaloric feeding in other sets of mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of all cytokines significantly increased in the LCHFD group compared with those in the ND group on day 21. The tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 and interleukin\u201010 levels were higher in the LCHFD group than in the ND group on day 35. In the LCHFD group, the regulatory T\u2010cell (Treg) number was significantly higher in the peritoneal cavity and tumor. The survival times were worse in the LCHFD group than in the ND group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ad libitum, lard\u2010based LCHFD feeding of CP mice increases the peritoneal cytokine levels, which may reduce splenic, anticancer lymphocytes and increase the number of Tregs in the peritoneal cavity and tumor. The detrimental effects of LCHFD are linked to dietary composition rather than overfeeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,23]],"date-time":"2020-08-23T06:04:05Z","timestamp":1598162645000},"page":"1293-1301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Influence of a Low\u2010Carbohydrate High\u2010Fat Diet on Peritoneal Inflammation, Cancer\u2010Associated Lymphocytes, and Survival in a Murine Carcinomatous Peritonitis Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Ayako","family":"Watkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Operating Room Management and Surgical Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo 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