{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T03:40:02Z","timestamp":1764906002924,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#102638","#143233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#102638","#143233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of suboptimal intakes on neurodevelopment of very low\u2010birth\u2010weight (VLBW, &lt;1500 g) infants, particularly those born small for gestational age, &lt;26 weeks, &lt;1000 g, or with morbidities is not well defined. We investigated how macronutrient\/energy intakes are associated with growth and neurodevelopment among VLBW infants, adjusted for the aforementioned vulnerabilities. Our hypothesis was that higher nutrient intakes would be positively associated with weight gain and neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Daily macronutrient\/energy intakes and weekly weights from birth until 36<jats:sup>+0<\/jats:sup> weeks were collected prospectively from VLBW infants (n = 302) enrolled in a previous trial (ISRCTN35317141). Neurodevelopment was assessed by the Bayley\u2010III at 18 months\u2019 corrected gestational age. Relationships between quartiles of macronutrient\/energy intakes, growth, and neurodevelopment were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants born &lt;1000 g, &lt;26 weeks, or with morbidities had lower nutrient intakes and slower growth than infants born \u22651000 g, \u226526 weeks, or with no morbidities, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Higher quartiles of energy, lipid, and carbohydrate intakes were positively associated with growth velocity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = &lt;0.0001\u20130.007); no association was observed for protein intake. Energy, protein\u2010to\u2010energy ratio and lipid intakes were associated with cognitive scores (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001\u20130.004); however, intakes within the second and third quartiles were generally associated with the highest cognitive scores. No nutrient intakes were associated with language or motor scores across the entire study period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smaller, more immature VLBW infants and those with morbidity have the greatest risk of poor nutrition and growth. Increasing macronutrient\/energy intakes are generally associated with improved weight gain, but not necessarily improved neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T07:54:40Z","timestamp":1616745280000},"page":"1762-1773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Higher Energy, Lipid, and Carbohydrate Provision to Very Low\u2010Birth\u2010Weight Infants Is Differentially Associated With Neurodevelopment at 18 Months, Despite Consistent Improvements in Weight Gain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Rosine","family":"Bishara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DAN Women &amp; Babies Program Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1871-4795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle R.","family":"Asbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Translational Medicine Program The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawn V. 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for Sick Children  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sinai Health Systems  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6331-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah L.","family":"O'Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Translational Medicine Program The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sinai Health Systems  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the GTA\u2010DoMINO Feeding 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