{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:41:30Z","timestamp":1791319290609,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Parenter Enteral Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term parenteral nutrition (PN) can lead to intestinal failure\u2013associated liver disease (IFALD). Omega\u20103 (n\u20103) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were shown to prevent IFALD. EPA\u2010derived and DHA\u2010derived oxylipins could contribute to this protective effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed the effect of parenteral fish oil on oxylipins in patients with chronic intestinal failure receiving PN (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098). Patients first received no fish oil for 8 weeks and then switched to PN with 25% of fat as fish oil for another 8 weeks. Fatty acid profiles of red blood cells, PUFA\u2010derived oxylipins generated by cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) pathways, inflammatory markers, and liver function were assessed before and during fish\u2010oil PN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>EPA plus DHA in erythrocytes (the Omega\u20103 Index) was high with a median of 11.96% at baseline and decreased to 9.57% without fish oil in PN. Addition of fish oil in PN increased the median Omega\u20103\u2010Index to 12.75%. EPA\u2010derived and DHA\u2010derived CYP\u2010dependent and LOX\u2010dependent metabolites increased significantly with fish oil in PN, with less pronounced changes in arachidonic acid and its oxylipins. There were no significant changes of inflammation and liver function parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows that fish oil\u2013containing PN leads to primarily CYP\u2010 and LOX\u2010dependent n\u20103 PUFA\u2013derived inflammation\u2010dampening oxylipins arising from EPA and DHA. Within this short (16\u2010week) study, there were no significant changes in inflammation and clinical readout parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T01:19:27Z","timestamp":1664241567000},"page":"287-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Impact of intravenous fish oil on omega\u20103 fatty acids and their derived lipid metabolites in patients with parenteral nutrition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5361-4327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karsten H.","family":"Weylandt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Metabolism and Oncology, Division of Medicine University Hospital Ruppin\u2010Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Neuruppin Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty 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